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Macrophages as tools and targets in cancer therapy
Tumour-associated macrophages are an essential component of the tumour microenvironment and have a role in the orchestration of angiogenesis,...
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Adoptive neoantigen-reactive T cell therapy: improvement strategies and current clinical researches
Neoantigens generated by non-synonymous mutations of tumor genes can induce activation of neoantigen-reactive T (NRT) cells which have the ability to...
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TCR Signals Controlling Adaptive Immunity against Toxoplasma and Cancer
T cells play a crucial role in adaptive immunity by recognizing and eliminating foreign pathogens and abnormal cells such as cancer cells. T cell...
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Donor T cells for CAR T cell therapy
Adoptive cell therapy using patient-derived chimeric receptor antigen (CAR) T cells redirected against tumor cells has shown remarkable success in...
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Interleukin 1β receptor blocker (Anakinra) and regenerative stem cell therapy: two novel approaches effectively ameliorating diabetic cardiomyopathy
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious common complication of diabetes. Unfortunately, there is no satisfied treatment for those patients and...
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Non–small cell lung cancer and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: does non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have an effect?
BackgroundImmunotherapy based on the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is one of the standard treatments for advanced non-small cell...
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Harnessing cancer stem cell-derived exosomes to improve cancer therapy
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the key “seeds” for tumor initiation and development, metastasis, and recurrence. Because of the function of CSCs in...
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Systemic Onco-sphere: Host Adaptive Immune System
When antigenic tumor cells contact the immune system, they set off both innate and adaptive immune system. In the previous chapter, we have described...
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Gamma delta T-cell-based immune checkpoint therapy: attractive candidate for antitumor treatment
As a nontraditional T-cell subgroup, γδT cells have gained popularity in the field of immunotherapy in recent years. They have extraordinary...
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The Significance of Biomaterials in Stem Cell-Based Regenerative Medicine
Introduction: Stem cell-based therapeutic strategies have shown tremendous potential in attenuating tissue damage and facilitating tissue repair and...
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Rapid Screening of CAR T Cell Functional Improvement Strategies by Highly Multiplexed Single-Cell Secretomics
The functional fitness of CAR T cells plays a crucial role in determining their clinical efficacy. Several strategies are being explored to increase...
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Chemokines in Cancer Therapy
Chemokines are small cell signalling proteins corresponding to family of cytokines that aid in movement of leukocytes. They are low-molecular-weight...
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Gene Therapy and Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death globally and urgently require new novel therapeutic strategies. Gene therapy is the...
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Biomarker-directed, pembrolizumab-based combination therapy in non-small cell lung cancer: phase 2 KEYNOTE-495/KeyImPaCT trial interim results
Although pembrolizumab confers clinical benefit in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), only a subset of patients will respond due to a heterogenous...
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Ionizing radiations induce shared epigenomic signatures unraveling adaptive mechanisms of cancerous cell lines with or without methionine dependency
BackgroundAlthough radiation therapy represents a core cancer treatment modality, its efficacy is hampered by radioresistance. The effect of ionizing...
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A prospective study of HER3 expression pre and post neoadjuvant therapy of different breast cancer subtypes: implications for HER3 imaging therapy guidance
PurposeHER3, a member of the EGFR receptor family, plays a central role in driving oncogenic cell proliferation in breast cancer. Novel HER3...
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy Alleviates Ovalbumin-Induced Chronic Airway Remodeling by Suppressing M2 Macrophage Polarization
Chronic asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling. Previous studies have shown that mesenchymal...
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Resistance of HNSCC cell models to pan-FGFR inhibition depends on the EMT phenotype associating with clinical outcome
BackgroundFocal adhesion signaling involving receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) and integrins co-controls cancer cell survival and therapy resistance....
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Ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and targeted therapy
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer with a multifactorial aetiology comprising genetic, environmental, and...
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Challenges and opportunities in achieving effective regulatory T cell therapy in autoimmune liver disease
Autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) include autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)....
