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Myelination-independent functions of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in health and disease
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are a population of tissue-resident glial cells found throughout the CNS, constituting approximately 5% of all...
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Differential Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteomic Responses to Acute Prenatal Endotoxin Exposure
Chorioamnionitis (CA) is a risk factor for preterm birth and is associated with neurodevelopmental delay and cognitive disorders. Prenatal...
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Synaptic Cooperation and Competition: Two Sides of the Same Coin?
Memories are not recollections of our past but rather predictions of the future. As such, memories are evolving constructs prone to modifications....
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Hormones and Cerebellar Development
Cerebellar development and plasticity involve various epigenetic processes that activate specific genes at different time points, including humoral...
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Step by step: cells with multiple functions in cortical circuit assembly
It is often thought that the construction of cortical circuits occurs as the result of an elegantly designed process that unfolds sequentially as an...
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Activity-Dependent Differential Regulation of Auts2 Isoforms In Vitro and In Vivo
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of unknown cause, although one hypothesis suggests a potential imbalance between...
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Developmental Neurobiology
The brain perceives its environment, it feels, compares, infers and initiates and controls behaviour and language—and much more. How does all this...
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Hydrogen-rich saline promotes microglia M2 polarization and complement-mediated synapse loss to restore behavioral deficits following hypoxia-ischemic in neonatal mice via AMPK activation
BackgroundHypoxia-ischemia (HI) during the perinatal period is one of the most common causes of acute mortality and chronic neurologic morbidity....
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The Cerebellar Neuroimmune System
Emerging research has revealed that glial cells of the brain can produce many of the same signaling factors as cells of the peripheral immune system...
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Microglia and Sensitive Periods in Brain Development
From embryonic neuronal migration to adolescent circuit refinement, the immune system plays an essential role throughout central nervous system (CNS)...
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Prenatal Exposure to General Anesthesia Drug Esketamine Impaired Neurobehavior in Offspring
Prenatal exposure to anesthetics has raised increasing attention about the neuronal development in offspring. Animal models are usually used for...
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Prelimbic proBDNF Facilitates Retrieval-Dependent Fear Memory Destabilization by Regulation of Synaptic and Neural Functions in Juvenile Rats
Fear regulation changes as a function of the early life is a key developmental period for the continued maturation of fear neural circuitry. The...
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Introduction: What Are Dendritic Spines?
Dendritic spines are cellular specializations that greatly increase the connectivity of neurons and modulate the “weight” of most postsynaptic...
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Complement Component C3 Loss leads to Locomotor Deficits and Altered Cerebellar Internal Granule Cell In Vitro Synaptic Protein Expression in C57BL/6 Mice
Complement component 3 (C3) expression is increased in the cerebellum of aging mice that demonstrate locomotor impairments and increased excitatory...
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Network state transitions during cortical development
Mammalian cortical networks are active before synaptogenesis begins in earnest, before neuronal migration is complete, and well before an animal...
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Chemistry and Function of Glycosaminoglycans in the Nervous System
Proteoglycans, and especially their GAG components, participate in numerous biologically significant interactions with growth factors, chemokines,...
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Development of Physiological Activity in the Cerebellum
One remarkable aspect of cerebellar development is that intrinsic physiological activity of several neuronal cell types, including Purkinje cells,...
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TREM2 and Microglia Contribute to the Synaptic Plasticity: from Physiology to Pathology
Synapses are bridges for information transmission in the central nervous system (CNS), and synaptic plasticity is fundamental for the normal function...
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The Role of Non-coding RNAs in Cerebellar Development
Since the sequencing of the human and various mammalian genomes, it is clear that there are far too few protein-coding genes to specify and...
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Development of Functional Properties in the Early Visual System: New Appreciations of the Roles of Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
In the years following Hubel and Wiesel’s first reports on ocular dominance plasticity and amblyopia, much attention has been focused on...