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Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling in Neurons Mediates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
In microglia, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is well known to contribute to neuroinflammatory responses following brain ischemia. TLR4 is also expressed in neurons and can mediate the conduction of calcium (Ca2+) in...
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Open AccessImpaired autophagic flux is associated with the severity of trauma and the role of A2AR in brain cells after traumatic brain injury
Recent studies have shown that after traumatic brain injury (TBI), the number of autophagosomes is markedly increased in brain cells surrounding the wound; however, whether autophagy is enhanced or suppressed ...