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Chapter
Beta-2-Microglobulin Excretion in Renal Stone-Formers
Renal tubular defects in patients with recurring kidneystones have not been paid much attention to, except in patients with RTA. In order to investigate the proximal tubular function in renal stone formers the...
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Chapter
Urinary Citrate Excretion and Acidification Defects in Renal Calcium Stone Formers
A characteristic clinical picture in patients with complete distal (classic) renal tubular acidosis (RTA) includes nephrocal- cinosis or nephrolithiasis1. These patients also have a low urinary citrate which may ...
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Chapter
Long-Term Treatment with Bendroflumethiazide for Prevention of Renal Stones. Clinical Experiences
It has long been recognized that thiazides reduce the urinary calcium output and studies, where larger numbers of patients have been studied1,2 have reported that during long-term follow-up most patients will be ...
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Chapter
Experiences with Long-Term Use of Sodium Cellulose Phosphate for Prevention of Renal Calcium Stones
A high urinary calcium level is common in renal stone patients1,2. The majority of hypercalciuric patients appear to have a primary intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium3,4. Since the risk of calcium stone-format...
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Chapter
The Clinical Importance of Renal Tubular Acidosis in Recurrent Renal Stone Formers
The incidence of renal tubular dysfunction, especially renal tubular acidosis (RTA) has usually been reported to be low among recurrent renal stone formers1. We have found, when the acidification capacity was rou...
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Chapter
Urate Metabolism and Urinary Acidification
Hyperuricemia1 as well as hyperuricosuria2, have been claimed to be common features among calcium stone formers. The frequency of hyperuricemia or hyperuricosuria was the same among our stone formers and controls...
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Chapter
Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Patients with Medullary Sponge Kidney
Structural abnormalities of the urinary tract are usually thought to predispose to renal stone formation. Medullary sponge kidney is probably a congenital abnormality. Because of such structural abnormalities,...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Renal Tubular Handling of Urate in Calcium Stone Formers with Hyperuricosuria or Renal Acidification Defects
Hyperuricosuria has been considered as a risk factor for calcium stone formation (1) and thought to be mainly a result of consumption of purine rich animal protein (2). According to Coe (3) some hyperuricosuri...
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Chapter
Long-term Treatment with Bendroflumethiazide for Prevention of Stones. Metabolic Effects
Since 1975 we have used thiazides for prevention of renal calcium stones. Our experience1 confirms that of Yendt and Cohanim2 that in most cases stone formation will virtually cease during several years of follow...
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Chapter
Prophylactic Treatment with Magnesium Hydroxide in Renal Stone Disease
Hammarsten1 demonstrated 50 years ago that magnesium could increase the solubility of calcium oxalate in vitro and proposed that treatment with magnesium could be used to prevent renal calcium stones. Others2–3 h...
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Chapter
Magnesium Metabolism in Renal Stone Formers
A possible role for magnesium in the formation of calcium stones was suggested by the investigations of Hammarsten1, who reported a beneficial effect of magnesium on the solubility of calcium oxalate in vitro. Fu...
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Chapter
Experience with the Short Ammonium Chloride Test
Since renal tubular acidosis is often complicated by stone formation, it seemed justified to investigate a stone forming population in order to study the incidence of renal acidification defects. For this purp...
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Chapter
Urate Metabolism in Calcium Stone Disease
Urate metabolism has been extensively investigated in calcium stone disease. Some investigators have reported that hyperuricemia was a common feature among stone formers1; whereas this could not be reproduced by ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The interaction of urinary inhibitors with crystals
It has been proposed that hyperuricosuria may promote calcium oxalate stone formation. One of the suggested mechanisms is an interference between urate microcrystals and naturally occurring macromolecular inhi...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Renal handling of urate in renal stone patients during treatment with thiazides
It is well known that thiazide treatment raises the serum urate levels (1). It has also been reported that the urinary excretion of urate is enhanced during long-term thiazide therapy (2). Such an increase mig...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Prophylactic treatment of renal stone disease with magnesium hydroxide during five years
Already in the year 1810 (Brande) was magnesium proposed as prophylactic treatment against renal stone disease. It was later shown that magnesium increased the solubility of calcium oxalate in vitro (Hammarsten, ...
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Article
Ambulatory diagnostic evaluation of 389 recurrent renal stone formers
389 consecutive renal stone formers (275 males, 114 females) were investigated in an out-patient stone clinic. Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) was found in 83 patients (22%). Proximal RTA was twice as common as t...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Effects of Phosphate Treatment in Calcium Urolithiasis
Phosphate salts have been proposed for prophylactic treatment of renal calcium stone disease for many years.1 Originally, this treatment was based on phosphates effect of reducing the urinary excretion of calcium...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Heredity, Serum Phosphate and Urinary Calcium in Calcium Urolithiasis
Familial patterns of renal calcium stone disease have been reported1,2. Familial hypercalciuria has also been described3. The question as to whether or not other risk factors besides urinary calcium are inherited...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Phosphate Treatment of Calcium Urolithiasis
Dietary supplementation with orthophosphate was proposed as an alternative for prophylaxis of renal stone formation many years ago1. The rationale for this proposal is the documented effect of phosphates on reduc...
