Simulation
Pragmatic Construction of Reality
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Toward a Reactionary Science?
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Respiration and Cognitive Synergy: Circulation in and Between Scientific Research Spheres
This article explores the crucial moments of scientists’ research activities when they decide to shift to a radical new domain or to perpetuate a project. We introduce what we have called the “respiration mode...
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From the Triple Helix to a Quadruple Helix? The Case of Dip-Pen Nanolithography
In this article, we propose four modifications to the standard Triple Helix innovation model, which consists of the three strands: university, government, industry. First, in view of recent economic, cultural,...
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The Cognitive, Instrumental and Institutional Origins of Nanoscale Research: The Place of Biology
One often hears the claim that nanoscale research (NSR) constitutes nothing new in science – that it is simply old science pursued under a new name in order to benefit from changes in funding policy. In effect...
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What’s New in Science?
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When is Simulation a Research Technology? Practices, Markets, and Lingua Franca
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Democratization of Expertise?
Exploring Novel Forms of Scientific Advice in Political Decision-Making
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Paradox oder Potenzial. Zur Dynamik heterogener Kooperation
Ein Gutteil des theoretischen Interesses der Wissenschafts- und Technikforschung der vergangenen zwei Jahrzehnte war auf eine Revision klassischer Vorstellungen zum Verhältnis von Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft...
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The ‘Triple Helix’ and ‘New Production of Knowledge’ as Socio-Cognitive Fields
Assertive demands, originating in government and to a lesser extent in industry, for readjustments in science/enterprise/state relations were set in motion by the energy crises of the 1970s and again, by the e...
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Research-Technology in Historical Perspective: An Attempt at Reconstruction
The authors of this book have argued that the significance of research-technologies lies in their trans-community positioning or “interstitiality,” in the openness or “genericity” of their devices, and in the ...
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Strange Cooperations The U.S. Research-Technology Perspective, 1900–1955
The U.S. instrument community changed considerably during the first half of the twentieth century. The community was composed of two principal components: narrow-niche instrument designers, constructors and us...
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A Fresh Look at Instrumentation an Introduction
In the 1930s, 40s, and 50s, the American Jesse Beams (1898–1977) developed the modern ultra-centrifuge (Elzen 1986; Gordy 1983). The device and the man do not fit neatly into any standard institutional, profes...
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The Research-Technology Matrix: German Origins, 1860–1900
During the closing decades of the nineteenth century, the topography and substance of science and technology in Germany were significantly transformed through a realignment of the intellectual and material pro...
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Instrument Hierarchies: Laboratories, Industry and Divisions of Labour
This chapter examines the development and operation of a new, instrument-based division of labour in contemporary science and technology and its consequences for laboratory—industry dealings. Two complementary...
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Science for the South/Science for the North the Great Divide? ORSTOM versus CNRS
Some observers of South/North relations argue that the scientific community which generates knowledge and skills for develo** countries is very different from the scientific community which addresses norther...
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Science, Technology and Society Studies and Development Perspectives in South-North Transactions
In the half century since World War II, the time span that constitutes the post-colonial era, the direction and substance of South-North relations have changed both repeatedly and markedly.1 The decisive, underly...
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