Pulmonary Disease
Pathology, Radiology, Bronchoscopy
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A discrete element implementation for concrete: particle generation, contact calculations, packing under gravity and modeling material response
A three-dimensional discrete element modelling capability for concrete based on rigid particles of arbitrary shape and size has been developed. The novel particle generation algorithm allows control of particl...
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Energy and Spectrum Optimization for 5G Massive MIMO Cognitive Femtocell Based Mobile Network Using Auction Game Theory
Energy and spectrum optimization for massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) cognitive femtocell based fifth generation (5G) mobile network is developed using auction game. In 5G massive MIMO, multiple n...
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5G-ZOOM-Game: small cell zooming using weighted majority cooperative game for energy efficient 5G mobile network
The rapid escalation of user traffic and service innovation has made the deployment of small cell base stations essential for eventually decreasing energy consumption in future generation wireless network. An ...
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Weighted Majority Cooperative Game Based Dynamic Small Cell Clustering and Resource Allocation for 5G Green Mobile Network
Green communication is important for next generation wireless network to connect massive number of mobile devices into the network. The deployment of femtocell without proper densification, the interference wa...
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Papillomatosis
Association with human papilloma virus 6/11 and 16/18
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Large-Cell Carcinoma
Large-cell carcinoma is usually peripheral, large, lobulated and/or well marginated, heterogeneously enhancing mass with central necrosis (central necrosis may be absent if size is small).
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Small-Cell Carcinoma
Small-cell carcinoma usually arises from the main or proximal lobar bronchi and is located centrally in vast majority of patients who present with hilar or mediastinal mass.
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Carcinoid Tumor
Bronchial obstruction can lead to atelectasis or recurrent pneumonia of the affected lung/lobe/segment. The iceberg sign refers to a small portion of the tumor visible within the bronchial lumen compared to bulk ...
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Salivary Gland–Type Tumors
Primary salivary gland–type tumors of the lung are rare neoplasms that arise from the submucosal glands of central airways. Four histologic types are identified (two of which are extremely rare).
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Adenomas
Benign tumors of the lung which arise from the bronchial mucous glands and usually present as a solitary lung nodule.
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Endobronchial nodule with segmental, lobar, or total lung collapse (early presentation). The Golden S sign refers to central obstructive right hilar tumor with right upper lobe atelectasis, which may be due to SC...
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Adenosquamous Cell Carcioma
Poorer prognosis with early metastasis.
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Small Airway Disease
Respiratory bronchiolitis and follicular bronchiolitis are characterzed by ill-defined centrilobular nodules, while mosaicism and air-trap** are the imaging hallmark of obliterative bronchiolitis.
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Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
Classified as a subtype of large-cell carcinoma, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma arises from Kulchitsky cells of the bronchus similar to other neuroendocrine tumors of the lung (sixth decade, smokers).
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Sarcomatoid Carcinoma
Rare subtype of poorly differentiated NSCLC (0.1–0.4%) with overall poor prognosis compared to other NSCLCs, which have a sarcoma-like histology characterized by spindled, pleomorphic cells.
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Mesenchymal Tumors
Primary mesenchymal tumors of the lung are rare. These arise from cells of mesodermal origin in the lungs that develop into bone, cartilage, or other connective tissues, such as blood vessels, adipose tissue, ...
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Adenocarcinoma
International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC)/the American Thoracic Society (ATS)/the European Respiratory Society (ERS) classification followed...
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Tumors of the Pleura
Most common pleural tumors are metastatic from the thorax or elsewhere (often adenocarcinomas). Primary pleural tumors are rare – two most common are malignant mesothelioma (almost uniformly fatal) and solitar...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD refers to a group of chronic inflammatory lung diseases that cause airflow obstruction from the lungs, and most commonly include emphysema. chronic bronchitis and ...
