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Article
Anisocoria After Direct Light Stimulus is Associated with Poor Outcomes Following Acute Brain Injury
Assessing pupil size and reactivity is the standard of care in neurocritically ill patients. Anisocoria observed in critically ill patients often prompts further investigation and treatment. This study explore...
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Article
Open AccessSurvival benefits of interventional radiology and surgical teams collaboration during primary trauma surveys: a single-centre retrospective cohort study
A team approach is essential for effective trauma management. Close collaboration between interventional radiologists and surgeons during the initial management of trauma patients is important for prompt and a...
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Article
Open AccessDevelopment and validation of a novel overhead method for anteroposterior radiographs of fractured rat femurs
We aimed to establish a new method of obtaining femur anteroposterior radiographs from live rats. We used five adult male Sprague–Dawley rats and created a femoral fracture model with an 8 mm segmental fragmen...
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Article
Open AccessAssociation between pupillary examinations and prognosis in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who underwent extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a retrospective multicentre cohort study
In some cases of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who underwent extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), negative pupillary light reflex (PLR) and mydriasis upon hospital arrival...
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Article
Open AccessVentilator management and risk of air leak syndrome in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: a single-center, retrospective, observational study
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia is reportedly associated with air leak syndrome (ALS), including mediastinal emphysema and pneumothorax, and has a high mortality rate. In...
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Article
Rapidly progressive cerebral atrophy following a posterior cranial fossa stroke: Assessment with semiautomatic CT volumetry
The effect of posterior cranial fossa stroke on changes in cerebral volume is not known. We assessed cerebral volume changes in patients with acute posterior fossa stroke using CT scans, and looked for risk fa...
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Article
Open AccessA prehospital risk assessment tool predicts clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with heat-related illness: a Japanese nationwide prospective observational study
We previously developed a risk assessment tool to predict outcomes after heat-related illness (J-ERATO score), which consists of six binary prehospital vital signs. We aimed to evaluate the ability of the scor...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Biomarkers in Neurological Injury: Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen/Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs), and D-dimer
Fibrinogen, fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDPs), and D-dimer are important factors in neurological injury and its sequelae. When the blood–brain barrier is disrupted, fibrinogen and fibrin enter the ...
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Article
Open AccessHyperfibrinolysis and fibrinolysis shutdown in patients with traumatic brain injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with coagulation/fibrinolysis disorders. We retrospectively evaluated 61 TBI cases transported to hospital within 1 h post-injury. Levels of thrombin-antithrombin III...
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Article
Open AccessSequential organ failure assessment score as a predictor of the outcomes of patients hospitalized for classical or exertional heatstroke
Heatstroke is a life-threatening event that affects people worldwide. Currently, there are no established tools to predict the outcomes of heatstroke. Although the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) sc...
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Article
Open AccessDifference between 5A score and the HOPE score
Recently, a letter to the editor was published to comment on the 5A score which is the prediction model for accidental hypothermia patients comparing the HOPE score. In this letter, we responded to the comment...
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Article
Open AccessA differential of the left eye and right eye neurological pupil index is associated with discharge modified Rankin scores in neurologically injured patients
Automated infrared pupillometry (AIP) and the Neurological Pupil index (NPi) provide an objective means of assessing and trending the pupillary light reflex (PLR) across a broad spectrum of neurological diseas...
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Article
Open AccessCorrection: External validation of 5A score model for predicting in-hospital mortality among the accidental hypothermia patients: JAAM-Hypothermia study 2018–2019 secondary analysis
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Article
Open AccessExternal validation of 5A score model for predicting in-hospital mortality among the accidental hypothermia patients: JAAM-Hypothermia study 2018–2019 secondary analysis
The 5A score including five components “Age, Activities of daily living, Arrest, Acidemia and Albumin” was developed as an easy-to-use screening tool for predicting in-hospital mortality among patients with ac...
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Article
Open AccessExtracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a retrospective large cohort multicenter study in Japan
The prevalence of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has been increasing rapidly worldwide. However, guidelines or clinical studies do no...
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Article
Open AccessHypothermia for Patients Requiring Evacuation of Subdural Hematoma: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial
Hypothermia is neuroprotective in some ischemia–reperfusion injuries. Ischemia–reperfusion injury may occur with traumatic subdural hematoma (SDH). This study aimed to determine whether early induction and mai...
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Living Reference Work Entry In depth
Biomarkers in Neurological Injury: Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen/Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs), and D-dimer
Fibrinogen, fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDPs), and D-dimer are important factors in neurological injury and its sequelae. When the blood–brain barrier is disrupted, fibrinogen and fibrin enter the ...
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Article
Open AccessRapidly progressive brain atrophy in septic ICU patients: a retrospective descriptive study using semiautomatic CT volumetry
Sepsis is often associated with multiple organ failure; however, changes in brain volume with sepsis are not well understood. We assessed brain atrophy in the acute phase of sepsis using brain computed tomogra...
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Article
Open AccessAssociation between frailty and mortality among patients with accidental hypothermia: a nationwide observational study in Japan
Frailty has been associated with a risk of adverse outcomes, and mortality in patients with various conditions. However, there have been few studies on whether or not frailty is associated with mortality in pa...
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Article
Open AccessMachine learning-based mortality prediction model for heat-related illness
In this study, we aimed to develop and validate a machine learning-based mortality prediction model for hospitalized heat-related illness patients. After 2393 hospitalized patients were extracted from a multic...