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  1. Article

    Open Access

    Different amounts of protein-bound citrulline and homocitrulline in foot joint tissues of a patient with anti-citrullinated protein antibody positive erosive rheumatoid arthritis

    Antibodies binding to citrullinated proteins are a frequent finding in rheumatoid arthritis patients and may precede the onset of clinical symptoms several years. The antibodies are a predisposing factor for b...

    Sanna Turunen, Marja-Kaisa Koivula, Jukka Melkko in Journal of Translational Medicine (2013)

  2. No Access

    Chapter

    Homocitrulline: An Analog and Confounder Related to Citrulline

    A structural homolog to citrulline, homocitrulline, can be present in proteins and peptides as a product of posttranslational modification. Homocitrulline is formed nonenzymatically from lysine residues in the...

    Sanna Turunen, Marja-Kaisa Koivula in Protein Deimination in Human Health and Di… (2014)