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Article
A diffraction study of the γ″ phase in INCONEL 718 superalloy
The crystal structure and morphology of the γ″ phase in INCONEL 718 (IN-718) superalloy was studied by using theoretical prediction, transmission electron microscopy, and computer simulation. The experimental res...
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Article
Reactions of lead-free solders with CuNi metallizations
We have done experimental research on the dissolution rate and intermetallic growth on Cu, Ni, and CuNi-alloy substrates as a function of time and Cu/Ni ratio of the substrate. Reactions that occur when CuNi m...
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Article
Development of under bump metallizations for flip chip bonding to organic substrates
Several under bump metallization (UBM) schemes using CuNi alloys as the solderable layer were investigated. Nickel slows down dissolution of the UBM into the solder and formation of intermetallics during reflo...
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Article
Under Bump Metallization Development for Eutectic Pb-Sn Solders
Due to its advantage in number of I/Os over other interconnection method, flip chip interconnection technology plays a key role in today’s electronics packaging. Good understanding of interfacial reactions bet...
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Article
Flip Chip Metallurgies for Lead-Free Solders
The most commonly used lead-free solders contain large amounts of tin, which makes them incompatible with the conventional Cu-based underbump metallization (UBM) schemes. The tin in the solder reacts with the ...
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Article
Low Stress under Bump Metallizations for Direct Chip Attach
In order to use a flip chip method for bonding the Si chip directly to an organic substrate, compatible under bump metallization (UBM) must be available. Conventional schemes with a copper-based solderable lay...
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Article
Under Bump Metallization Development for High Sn Solders
Several under bump metallisation (UBM) schemes using Ni or CuNi alloys as the solderable layer were investigated. Cr or Ti was used as the adhesion layer. The UBM pads of different compositions were sputter de...