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Article
Traumatic atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in an adult patient
Atlantoaxial rotational fixation (AARF) is a rare entity in adults, with only a few cases reported in the English literature and often associated with a traumatic mechanism. It is an underdiagnosed condition t...
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Article
Effectiveness of vagal nerve stimulation in medication-resistant epilepsy. Comparison between patients with and without medication changes
Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) response is not immediate. A progressive decline in seizure frequency is usually found during a period of 12–18 months after implantation. During this time, the patient’s medicati...
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Article
Surgical treatment of symptomatic cavernous malformations of the brainstem
Introduction and objectives. Cavernous malformations (CM) at the level of the brainstem, continue to present a challenge in therapeutic terms and are an important source of controversy. H...