Punishing the Criminal Corpse, 1700-1840
Aggravated Forms of the Death Penalty in England
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Open AccessA continuous toolpath strategy from offset contours for robotic additive manufacturing
Toolpath planning is an essential component of robotic additive manufacturing. An efficient toolpath strategy allows parts to be made that are geometrically accurate, free of defects, have good mechanical prop...
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Abelard on Existential Inference
Peter Abelard is nowadays credited as the first philosopher to recognize the problem of existential import. I argue that he does not recognize our modern problem, and that his own take on the logical issues th...
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Open AccessA Numerical Characterisation of Unconfined Strength of Weakly Consolidated Granular Packs and Its Effect on Fluid-Driven Fracture Behaviour
Soft or weakly consolidated sand refers to porous materials composed of particles (or grains) weakly held together to form a solid but that can be easily broken when subjected to stress. These materials do not...
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Capacity-Building Around Indigenous and Local Knowledge (ILK) Systems for Effective Climate Adaptation in the Low-Lying Coasts and Small Islands
Indigenous (or traditional) and local knowledge (ILK) systems are increasingly recognized as a potential solution for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. Most ILK systems incorporate or are ...
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A Nitroalkene Benzoic Acid Derivative Targets Reactive Microglia and Prolongs Survival in an Inherited Model of ALS via NF-κB Inhibition
Motor neuron degeneration and neuroinflammation are the most striking pathological features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS currently has no cure and approved drugs have only a modest clinically th...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Percolation in Porous Media
Anisotropy
There is anisotropy when the global physical property of the system is direction dependent.
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Innovation Through Living Our Values at Energeticos-Colombia
This chapter is based on the experiences of a Colombian engineering company from 2003 through to 2013. The company was a local engineering office of an international oil services company based in Scotland but ...
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Article
Open AccessThe human fetal adrenal produces cortisol but no detectable aldosterone throughout the second trimester
Human fetal adrenal glands are highly active and, with the placenta, regulate circulating progesterone, estrogen and corticosteroids in the fetus. At birth the adrenals are essential for neonate salt retention...
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The Origins of Informal Juvenile Court Practices and of the Juvenile Reformatory in England, 1815–1855
This chapter 3 focuses on the first half of the nineteenth century and explores two related developments: the development of various informal court procedures in relation to juveniles and the growth of a range...
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Book
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Patterns of Post-execution Sentencing in England and Wales 1752–1834. The Murder Act in Operation
This chapter focuses not on attitudes and debates but on the actual sentencing decisions made by the courts. The primary focus is the period from 1752 to the 1830s and the use that the courts made of sentences...
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Conclusion
This chapter begins by discussing why the was passed and why its post-execution punishment regime stayed in place for 80 years, arguing that although it was not an effective deterrent, it was seen as an impor...
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Later Medieval Philosophy of Cognitive Psychology
King’s chapter provides a systematic overview of the state of the philosophy of cognitive psychology in the first half of the fourteenth century, and so a framework for the subsequent chapters as well. In addi...
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The Science of Psychology in Ockham’s Oxford
Ockham pioneered a radical revolution in psychology. One reason he could do so is that the science of psychology at Oxford in his day was not provided with foundations, on two counts. First, there was much les...
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‘Hanging not Punishment Enough’: Attitudes to Aggravated Forms of Execution and the Making of the Murder Act 1690–1752
This chapter analyses the extensive debates about the introduction of either aggravated pre-execution policies or of the post-execution punishment of the criminal corpse that took place between the 1690s and 1...
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Changing Attitudes to Post-execution Punishment 1752–1834
This chapter discusses changing attitudes to post-execution punishment between 1752 and the 1830s. It begins by analysing the ways the judges interpreted the 1752 Act and more importantly how the surgeons chos...
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Introduction
This chapter begins by highlighting the fact that historians of crime and justice have largely ignored an important dimension of the eighteenth- and early-nineteenth-century capital punishment system—the degre...
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An approximate dynamic programming approachto decision making in the presence of uncertainty for surfactant-polymer flooding
The least squares Monte Carlo method is a decision evaluation method that can capture the effect of uncertainty and the value of flexibility of a process. The method is a stochastic approximate dynamic program...
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Robust quantification of parametric uncertainty for surfactant–polymer flooding
Uncertainty in surfactant–polymer flooding is an important challenge to the wide-scale implementation of this process. Any successful design of this enhanced oil recovery process will necessitate a good unders...
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Open AccessGrain size dependence of dielectric relaxation in cerium oxide as high-k layer
Cerium oxide (CeO2) thin films used liquid injection atomic layer deposition (ALD) for deposition and ALD procedures were run at substrate temperatures of 150°C, 200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C, respectively. CeO2
