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Article
Open AccessSystematic observations of enhanced oil recovery and associated changes at carbonate-brine and carbonate-petroleum interfaces
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from carbonates is obtained by injection of controlled ionic strength brines containing “active ions” (e.g., SO42−, Mg2+, Ca2+). It is generally believed that this occurs through the i...
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Article
Open AccessMolecular-scale origins of wettability at petroleum–brine–carbonate interfaces
Wettability control of carbonates is a central concept for enhanced petroleum recovery, but a mechanistic understanding of the associated molecular-scale chemical processes remains unclear. We directly probe t...
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Article
Open AccessOxidation induced strain and defects in magnetite crystals
Oxidation of magnetite (Fe3O4) has broad implications in geochemistry, environmental science and materials science. Spatially resolving strain fields and defect evolution during oxidation of magnetite provides fu...
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Article
Open AccessReal-time observation of cation exchange kinetics and dynamics at the muscovite-water interface
Ion exchange at charged solid–liquid interfaces is central to a broad range of chemical and transport phenomena. Real-time observations of adsorption/desorption at the molecular-scale elucidate exchange reacti...
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Article
Hydration layer structure at solid–water interfaces
The solid–water interface is ubiquitous in natural and synthetic systems as the primary site for chemical reactions under near-ambient conditions. Examples include the interactions of contaminants with mineral...
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Article
Stuffed structures
Understanding oxide dissolution processes on the molecular scale remains a challenge. A study on nanoscale oxides suggests a mechanism for dissolution that proceeds through the formation of oxygen-stuffed meta...
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Article
Observation of subnanometre-high surface topography with X-ray reflection phase-contrast microscopy
The direct observation of molecular-scale features has been the exclusive realm of electron and probe microscopies1,2,3, whereas X-ray imaging has been limited to the observation of objects greater than 10 nm in ...
