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Open AccessA small molecule iCDM-34 identified by in silico screening suppresses HBV DNA through activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor
IFN-alpha have been reported to suppress hepatitis B virus (HBV) cccDNA via APOBEC3 cytidine deaminase activity through interferon signaling. To develop a novel anti-HBV drug for a functional cure, we performe...
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Article
Effects of neddylation on viral infection: an overview
Neddylation is a post-translational modification that plays an important role not only in cancer development but also in regulating viral infection and replication. Upregulation of neddylation occurs in viral ...
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Article
Open AccessReduced antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes: a retrospective observational study
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has dramatically impacted global health, and patients with type 2 diabetes have been identified as a high-risk group for COVID-19 infection and the development ...
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A case of COVID-19 reinfection in a hemodialysis patient: the role of antibody in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Hemodialysis patients are vulnerable to severe and lethal COVID-19, and their protective immunity against COVID-19 is not yet fully understood. Therefore, we report a case of COVID-19 reinfection in a hemodial...
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Open AccessInfection with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 variant is lethal in aged BALB/c mice
Models of animals that are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can usefully evaluate the efficacy of vaccines and therapeutics. In this study, we demonstrate t...
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Hemodialysis patients with coronavirus disease 2019: reduced antibody response
Because patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) have an impaired immune response to pathogens, they are at higher risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, data on antibody production amon...
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Article
Blocking neddylation elicits antiviral effect against hepatitis B virus replication
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The mechanisms that regulate HBV viral replication remain poorly defined. Here, we show that blocking of the neddylation eli...
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Article
Open AccessMacrocyclic peptides exhibit antiviral effects against influenza virus HA and prevent pneumonia in animal models
Most anti-influenza drugs currently used, such as oseltamivir and zanamivir, inhibit the enzymatic activity of neuraminidase. However, neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant viruses have already been identified fro...
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Article
Structure-guided discovery approach identifies potential lead compounds targeting Mpro of SARS-CoV-2
The ongoing coronavirus disease 19 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become fatal for the world with affected population crossing over 25 million in more than 217 c...
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Article
Open AccessCell-penetrating peptide-mediated cell entry of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) poses a huge threat to public health and the global economy. These viruses cause systemic infection in poultry and accidental human infection leads to sever...
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Article
Open AccessConstruction of complete Tupaia belangeri transcriptome database by whole-genome and comprehensive RNA sequencing
The northern tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) possesses high potential as an animal model of human diseases and biology, given its genetic similarity to primates. Although genetic information on the tree shrew has a...
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Article
Basal expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 drives intrinsic hepatocyte resistance to multiple RNA viruses
Current models of cell-intrinsic immunity to RNA viruses centre on virus-triggered inducible antiviral responses initiated by RIG-I-like receptors or Toll-like receptors that sense pathogen-associated molecula...
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Article
Experimental in vitro and in vivo systems for studying the innate immune response during dengue virus infections
Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease in humans and leads to significant morbidity and socioeconomic burden in tropical and subtropical areas. Dengue is caused by infection with any of the four closel...
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Open AccessBroad-spectrum antiviral agents: secreted phospholipase A2 targets viral envelope lipid bilayers derived from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Hepatitis C virus (HCV), dengue virus (DENV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) belong to the family Flaviviridae. Their viral particles have the envelope composed of viral proteins and a lipid bilayer acquire...
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Article
Open AccessEfficacy of recombinant measles virus expressing highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) antigen against HPAIV infection in monkeys
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) is a serious threat not only to domestic fowls but also to humans. Vaccines inducing long-lasting immunity against HPAIV are required. In the present study, we g...
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Article
Open AccessOxidative Stress and Immune Responses During Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Tupaia belangeri
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. To address the molecular basis of HCV pathogenesis using tupaias (Tupaia belangeri), we characterized ...
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Article
Open AccessSelective inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin/CBP signaling ameliorates hepatitis C virus-induced liver fibrosis in mouse model
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the major causes of serious liver diseases, including liver cirrhosis. There are no anti-fibrotic drugs with efficacy against liver cirrhosis. Wnt/β-catenin ...
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Article
Open AccessSensitization with vaccinia virus encoding H5N1 hemagglutinin restores immune potential against H5N1 influenza virus
H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1 HPAI) virus causes elevated mortality compared with seasonal influenza viruses like H1N1 pandemic influenza (H1N1 pdm) virus. We identified a mechanism associated w...
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Open AccessBivalent vaccine platform based on Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) elicits neutralizing antibodies against JEV and hepatitis C virus
Directly acting antivirals recently have become available for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but there is no prophylactic vaccine for HCV. In the present study, we took advantage of the pr...
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Open AccessEnhancement of anti-STLV-1/HTLV-1 immune responses through multimodal effects of anti-CCR4 antibody
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia and inflammatory diseases. Because anti-HTLV-1 immune responses are critical for suppressing infected cells, enhancing cellular immunity...
