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Article
Urinary arsenic species, toenail arsenic, and arsenic intake estimates in a Michigan population with low levels of arsenic in drinking water
The large disparity between arsenic concentrations in drinking water and urine remains unexplained. This study aims to evaluate predictors of urinary arsenic in a population exposed to low concentrations (≤50 μg/...
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Article
Lifetime exposure to arsenic in drinking water and bladder cancer: a population-based case–control study in Michigan, USA
Arsenic in drinking water has been linked with the risk of urinary bladder cancer, but the dose–response relationships for arsenic exposures below 100 μg/L remain equivocal. We conducted a population-based cas...
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Chapter
Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology
A key component of environmental epidemiologic research is the assessment of historic exposure to environmental contaminants. The continual expansion of space-time databases, coupled with the recognized need t...
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Article
Influence of groundwater recharge and well characteristics on dissolved arsenic concentrations in southeastern Michigan groundwater
Arsenic concentrations exceeding 10 μg/l, the United States maximum contaminant level and the World Health Organization guideline value, are frequently reported in groundwater from bedrock and unconsolidated a...
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Article
Intra-individual variability in toenail arsenic concentrations in a Michigan population, USA
Arsenic concentration in toenail clip**s is used as a biomarker of exposure in epidemiological studies, often under the assumption that a single measurement represents long-term exposure. For this assumption...
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Article
Individual lifetime exposure to inorganic arsenic using a space–time information system
A space–time information system (STIS) based method is introduced for calculating individual-level estimates of inorganic arsenic exposure over the adult life-course. STIS enables visualization and analysis of...
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Article
Profiles of trace elements in toenails of Arab-Americans in the Detroit area, Michigan
Exposure to environmental contaminants is complicated by factors related to socioeconomic status, diet, and other culturally conditioned risk behaviors. Determination of a trace element profile in toenails can...
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Article
Improving exposure assessment in environmental epidemiology: Application of spatio-temporal visualization tools
A thorough assessment of human exposure to environmental agents should incorporate mobility patterns and temporal changes in human behaviors and concentrations of contaminants; yet the temporal dimension is of...
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Article
Open AccessVisualization and exploratory analysis of epidemiologic data using a novel space time information system
Recent years have seen an expansion in the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in environmental health research. In this field GIS can be used to detect disease clustering, to analyze access to hospita...
