The Matteotti Murder and Mussolini
The Anatomy of a Fascist Crime
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The Second Matteotti Trial
The Matteotti murder trial was held again in 1947. One of the first acts of the High Commissioner for Sanctions Against Fascism was to re-conduct trials that had taken place during the 20 years of fascism beca...
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The Business Motive
In 1966 when Renzo De Felice turned to the Matteotti murder in his multi-volume biography of Mussolini, the materials he had available convinced him to focus on the political motive for the crime—Matteotti’s M...
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New Interpretation of a State Crime
On June 10, 1924, Giacomo Matteotti, a young member of the Italian Parliament and Secretary of the Socialist Unitary Party (PSU), was kidnapped outside his home by agents of the fascist Ceka, Mussolini’s secre...
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Dumini’s Lies
Dumini himself disproved the idea that he and his accomplices merely wanted to give Matteotti a “fascist lesson” that unintentionally ended in tragedy. He knew that the zeal he and his men exhibited when they ...
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Concluding Thoughts
A wide range of supporters defend Mussolini and maintain that he was extraneous to Matteotti’s murder. There are those who affirm that he merely gave the order to administer a lesson to the Socialist deputy, w...
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June 1924
Giacomo Matteotti was kidnapped and killed at 4:30 p.m. on Tuesday June 10, 1924. All the men who committed the crime belonged to a Milanese group of fascist arditi (a military corps created during the First Worl...
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Chapter
Giacomo Matteotti
Giacomo Matteotti was born to Girolamo and Elisabetta Garzarolo on May 22, 1885, in the town of Fratta Polesine in northeast Italy. His father, originally from Trentino, had settled in Fratta when he was 20 ye...
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During the Fascist Ventennio
In the months and years following the Matteotti murder, Mussolini put great effort into protecting the perpetrators and providing them with extensive benefits, another indication of his direct involvement in t...
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The Fascist Regime on the Ropes
How did Mussolini and his collaborators plan on explaining Matteotti’s disappearance? During the days preceding the murder they strategized and maneuvered to generate a heated political climate that would allo...
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The Fascist Ceka
The Ceka—a centralized, repressive, criminal organization that already existed during the two-year “legalitarian” period (1922–1924)—reveals Mussolini’s early propensity to use systemic, unscrupulous violence ...
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Funding for the Matteotti Family
When documents regarding financial support to Matteotti’s family were found at the end of the 1980s and published in 1997 in the first edition of this book, a new chapter opened in the debate over whether Muss...
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The Cold War for the Italian Oil Market
In the early 1920s, 80% of Italy’s demand for oil was met by importing refined crude from the Standard Oil company. The Italian demand for oil was rapidly increasing; manufacturing and military were converting...
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Mussolini’s Great Defender: Carlo Silvestri
Carlo Silvestri had been an important figure during the 1924–1925 Matteotti investigation. He was an editor at Corriere della Sera, but a few days after the Matteotti murder he transferred to the Popolo, the Cath...
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Acute Hypophosphatemia during Total Parenteral Nutrition in Man: Its Effects on Muscle Cell Composition
Acute hypophosphatemia (AHPP) may often develop in renutrition both chronic alcoholics and malnourished subjects and during recovery from diabetic ketoacidosis as well as in total parental nutrition (TPN), mai...
