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Article
Validity of the Toddler Autism Symptom Inventory in Non-Hispanic White and Black Toddlers
Racial disparities exist in autism diagnosis, and yet, the development of most diagnostic tools has not explicitly examined measurement equity between racial and ethnic groups. We examined the validity of the ...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Screening Measures
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Living Reference Work Entry In depth
Screening Measures
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Article
Factor Analysis of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale in a Sample of Two Year Olds with an Autism Spectrum Disorder
The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), (Schopler et al. in J Autism Dev Disord 10(1):91–103, 1980) is a 15-item observation-based rating scale that yields a total score reflective of autism symptom severity. T...
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Article
Ratings of Broader Autism Phenotype and Personality Traits in Optimal Outcomes from Autism Spectrum Disorder
The study examines whether “optimal outcome” (OO) children, despite no longer meeting diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), exhibit personality traits often found in those with ASD. Nine zero...
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Article
Early Characteristics of Children with ASD Who Demonstrate Optimal Progress Between Age Two and Four
Although for many children, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong disability, a subset of children with ASD lose their diagnosis and show typical cognitive and adaptive abilities. The ages at which this...
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Article
Universal Autism Screening for Toddlers: Recommendations at Odds
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Article
Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors as Predictors of Outcome in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Questions have been raised about the significance of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in predicting outcomes of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Previous studies have yielded mixed fin...
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Article
Detecting Subgroups in Children Diagnosed with Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified
Hierarchical cluster analyses were used to detect three subgroups in a sample of children with pervasive developmental disorder—not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) evaluated at ages 2 and 4. At age 2, Cluster 1...
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Article
Narrative Performance of Optimal Outcome Children and Adolescents with a History of an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) have traditionally been considered a lifelong condition; however, a subset of people makes such significant improvements that they no longer meet diagnostic criteria for an ASD...
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Article
Language and Verbal Memory in Individuals with a History of Autism Spectrum Disorders Who Have Achieved Optimal Outcomes
Some individuals who lose their autism spectrum disorder diagnosis may continue to display subtle weaknesses in language. We examined language and verbal memory in 44 individuals with high-functioning autism (...
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Article
The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers: A Follow-up Study Investigating the Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often go undetected in toddlers. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) was used to screen 3,793 children aged 16–30 months from low- and high-risk sources; scre...
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Article
Diagnostic Stability in Very Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) diagnosis in very young children may be delayed due to doubts about validity. In this study, 77 children received a diagnostic and developmental evaluation between 16 and 35 mon...
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Article
Differentiating between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Other Developmental Disabilities in Children Who Failed a Screening Instrument for ASD
This study compared behavioral presentation of toddlers with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and toddlers with global developmental delay (DD) or developmental language disorder (DLD) who display some charac...
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Article
Predictors of Optimal Outcome in Toddlers Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders
A diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is usually taken to be permanent. In this study, 13 two-year-old children with ASD lost the diagnosis by age 4, at which time they scored within the normal range o...
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Article
Agreement Among Four Diagnostic Instruments for Autism Spectrum Disorders in Toddlers
Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) can be difficult to diagnose in toddlers. This study compared diagnostic measures (ADOS-G, ADI-R, CARS, and clinical judgment using DSM-IV criteria) applied to toddlers. Resul...
