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Chapter
Disorders of the Pyruvate Metabolism and the Krebs Cycle
This chapter focuses on pyruvate metabolism disorders, two classic Krebs cycle disorders (2-oxoglutaric aciduria and fumarase deficiency) and two other disorders of the Krebs cycle, severely affecting mitochon...
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Article
Open AccessEfficacy and safety of Velmanase alfa in the treatment of patients with alpha-mannosidosis: results from the core and extension phase analysis of a phase III multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
This phase III, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial (and extension phase) was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of velmanase alfa (VA) in alpha-mannosidosis (AM) patients.
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Article
Open AccessComprehensive long-term efficacy and safety of recombinant human alpha-mannosidase (velmanase alfa) treatment in patients with alpha-mannosidosis
Long-term outcome data provide important insights into the clinical utility of enzyme replacement therapies. Such data are presented for velmanase alfa in the treatment of alpha-mannosidosis (AM).
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Article
Open AccessClinical, biochemical and genetic spectrum of 70 patients with ACAD9 deficiency: is riboflavin supplementation effective?
Mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9 (ACAD9) is essential for the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Disease causing biallelic variants in ACAD9 have been reported in individua...
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Article
Biallelic mutations in the 3′ exonuclease TOE1 cause pontocerebellar hypoplasia and uncover a role in snRNA processing
Jens Lykke-Andersen, Frank Baas, Joseph Gleeson and colleagues report that mutations in the 3′ exonuclease TOE1 cause pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7. They further show that these mutations result in the accumu...
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Chapter
Disorders of Pyruvate Metabolism and the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
Owing to the role of pyruvate and the TCA cycle in energy metabolism, as well as in gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis and amino acid synthesis, defects in pyruvate metabolism and in the TCA cycle almost invariably ...
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Article
Erratum to: The phenotypic spectrum of organic acidurias and urea cycle disorders. Part 1: the initial presentation
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Article
Erratum to: The phenotypic spectrum of organic acidurias and urea cycle disorders. Part 2: the evolving clinical phenotype
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Article
The phenotypic spectrum of organic acidurias and urea cycle disorders. Part 1: the initial presentation
The clinical presentation of patients with organic acidurias (OAD) and urea cycle disorders (UCD) is variable; symptoms are often non-specific.
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Article
The phenotypic spectrum of organic acidurias and urea cycle disorders. Part 2: the evolving clinical phenotype
The disease course and long-term outcome of patients with organic acidurias (OAD) and urea cycle disorders (UCD) are incompletely understood.
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Article
Open AccessMedium-chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency presenting with neonatal pulmonary haemorrhage
Medium-chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) is the most common inherited disorder of fatty acid beta-oxidation. Signs and symptoms of MCADD typically appear during infancy or early childhood and inc...
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Article
Early treatment of a child with NAGS deficiency using N-carbamyl glutamate results in a normal neurological outcome
Acute hyperammonemia has a variety of etiologies and clinical manifestations. If not treated early in neonates, it leads to irreversible brain damage or death. We present a 7-day-old female patient who was bro...
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Article
Open AccessPsychosis in an adolescent girl: a common manifestation in Niemann-Pick Type C disease
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare autosomal-recessively inherited lysosomal storage disorder. It is caused by mutations in the NPC1 (95%) or NPC2 gene. It is a progressive and highly heterogeneous d...
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Article
Open AccessA multicenter study on Leigh syndrome: disease course and predictors of survival
Leigh syndrome is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, associated with primary or secondary dysfunction of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Despite the fact that Leigh syndrome is the most com...
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Article
Open AccessTranscriptomic profiling of TK2 deficient human skeletal muscle suggests a role for the p53 signalling pathway and identifies growth and differentiation factor-15 as a potential novel biomarker for mitochondrial myopathies
Mutations in the gene encoding thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) result in the myopathic form of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome which is a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy presenting in children. In order to unvei...
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Chapter
Pyruvate Carboxylase and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Pyruvate carboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency are the most common disorders in pyruvate metabolism and almost always affect the central nervous system. The severity and the clinical phenotypes var...
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Article
Characterization of CoQ10 biosynthesis in fibroblasts of patients with primary and secondary CoQ10 deficiency
Primary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiencies are associated with mutations in genes encoding enzymes important for its biosynthesis and patients are responsive to CoQ10 supplementation. Early treatment allows better...
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Article
Revised recommendations for the management of Gaucher disease in children
Gaucher disease is an inherited pan-ethnic disorder that commonly begins in childhood and is caused by deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase. Two major phenotypes are recognized: non-ne...
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Chapter
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase-E1α Deficiency Presenting as Recurrent Demyelination: An Unusual Presentation and a Novel Mutation
The nucleus-encoded mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex plays key roles in cellular energy metabolism and acid-base equilibrium. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency is due to loss-of-func...
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Article
Fluorescence imaging of mitochondria in cultured skin fibroblasts: a useful method for the detection of oxidative phosphorylation defects
Protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) into the intermembrane space, creating an electric membrane potential (ΔΨ) that is used for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ...
