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Article
Ventral subiculum promotes wakefulness through several pathways in male mice
The ventral subiculum (vSUB), the major output structure of the hippocampal formation, regulates motivation, stress integration, and anxiety-like behaviors that rely on heightened arousal. However, the roles a...
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Article
PV network plasticity mediated by neuregulin1-ErbB4 signalling controls fear extinction
Neuroplasticity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is essential for fear extinction, the process of which forms the basis of the general therapeutic process used to treat human fear disorders. However, the...
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Article
Optogenetic Long-Term Depression Induction in the PVT-CeL Circuitry Mediates Decreased Fear Memory
The dysregulation of fear learning and abnormal activities of cerebral networks may contribute to the etiologies of anxiety disorders. Although it has been proposed that decreased activity in the paraventricul...
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Article
Open AccessAmygdalar Endothelin-1 Regulates Pyramidal Neuron Excitability and Affects Anxiety
An abnormal neuronal activity in the amygdala is involved in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders. However, little is known about the mechanisms. High-anxiety mice and low-anxiety mice, representing the innat...
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Article
Infralimbic Endothelin1 Is Critical for the Modulation of Anxiety-Like Behaviors
Endothelin1 (ET1) is a potent vasoconstrictor that is also known to be a neuropeptide that is involved in neural circuits. We examined the role of ET1 that has been implicated in the anxiogenic process. We fou...
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Article
Amygdala NRG1–ErbB4 Is Critical for the Modulation of Anxiety-Like Behaviors
Anxiety disorder is related to the pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases, including major depression, substance abuse, and schizophrenia. The amygdala is important for manifestation and modulation of anxiety...
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Article
Enrichment of cardiac differentiation by a large starting number of embryonic stem cells in embryoid bodies is mediated by the Wnt11-JNK pathway
Embryoid bodies (EBs) with large starting numbers of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have a greater degree of cardiac differentiation than from low numbers of EBs. However, the biological roles of signaling molecu...
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Article
Time-dependent regulation of neuregulin-1β/ErbB/ERK pathways in cardiac differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells
Neuregulin-1β (NRG-1β)/ErbB signaling plays crucial roles in the cardiac differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), but its roles and the underlying mechanisms in cardiac differentiation are incompl...