24 Result(s)
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Kenneth M. Williams
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Article
Honorary Professor Garry Graham
An appreciation of the contribution of Professor Gary Graham to anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic pharmacology and clinical pharmacology.
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Article
Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Febuxostat
Febuxostat is a xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor that has been developed to treat chronic gout. In healthy subjects, the pharmacokinetic parameters of febuxostat after multiple oral dose administration includ...
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Article
Effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitors on the renal clearance of uric acid and creatinine
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Article
Open AccessMultiplicative interaction of functional inflammasome genetic variants in determining the risk of gout
The acute gout flare results from a localised self-limiting innate immune response to monosodium urate (MSU) crystals deposited in joints in hyperuricaemic individuals. Activation of the caspase recruitment do...
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Article
Open AccessMultiple episodes of aspirin overdose in an individual patient: a case report
Aspirin overdose, though now infrequently encountered, nevertheless continues to contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. The patient described in this case report intentionally ingested overdoses of...
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Article
Allopurinol Hypersensitivity: A Systematic Review of All Published Cases, 1950–2012
Allopurinol is the primary therapy for the management of chronic gout. Utilization of allopurinol has increased in tandem with the growing prevalence of gout globally. This exposes more patients to the risk of...
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Article
The Role of Metformin in Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA): Case Series and Formulation of a Model of Pathogenesis
Lactic acidosis is an adverse event associated with metformin usage. Patients with metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA), however, often have other conditions contributing to the event. The relative cont...
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Population Pharmacokinetics of Metformin in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Simulation of Doses According to Renal Function
Metformin is contraindicated in patients with renal impairment; however, there is poor adherence to current dosing guidelines. In addition, the pharmacokinetics of metformin in patients with significant renal ...
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Open AccessFractional clearance of urate: validation of measurement in spot-urine samples in healthy subjects and gouty patients
Hyperuricemia is the greatest risk factor for gout and is caused by an overproduction and/or inefficient renal clearance of urate. The fractional renal clearance of urate (FCU, renal clearance of urate/renal c...
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Lack of effect of hydrochlorothiazide and low-dose aspirin on the renal clearance of urate and oxypurinol after a single dose of allopurinol in normal volunteers
To determine whether low-dose aspirin and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) affect the renal clearance of oxypurinol and/or urate.
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Article
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Metformin
Metformin is widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a biguanide developed from galegine, a guanidine derivative found in Galega officinalis (French lilac). Chemically, it is a hydrophili...
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A proposal for identifying the low renal uric acid clearance phenotype
Investigation of the genetic basis of hyperuricaemia is a subject of intense interest. However, clinical studies commonly include hyperuricaemic patients without distinguishing between 'over-producers' or 'und...
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Open AccessA double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the short term effects of a spring water supplemented with magnesium bicarbonate on acid/base balance, bone metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women
A number of health benefits including improvements in acid/base balance, bone metabolism, and cardiovascular risk factors have been attributed to the intake of magnesium rich alkaline mineral water. This study...
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Article
A Benefit-Risk Assessment of Benzbromarone in the Treatment of Gout
Benzbromarone, a potent uricosuric drug, was introduced in the 1970s and was viewed as having few associated serious adverse reactions. It was registered in about 20 countries throughout Asia, South America an...
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Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interaction between Allopurinol and Probenecid in Healthy Subjects
Background and objective: Combination therapy with allopurinol and probenecid is used to treat tophaceous gout in patients who do not respond sufficiently to allopurinol alone. However, the poten...
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Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Allopurinol and Oxypurinol
Allopurinol is the drug most widely used to lower the blood concentrations of urate and, therefore, to decrease the number of repeated attacks of gout. Allopurinol is rapidly and extensively metabolised to oxy...
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Open AccessThe funding and use of high-cost medicines in Australia: the example of anti-rheumatic biological medicines
Subsidised access to high-cost medicines in Australia is restricted under national programs (the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, PBS, and the Repatriation Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, RPBS) with a view to a...
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Open-Label Extension Studies
The number of open-label extension studies being performed has increased enormously in recent years. Often it is difficult to differentiate between these extension studies and the double-blind, controlled stud...
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Open AccessRecent developments in targeting access to high cost medicines in Australia
In Australia, the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) has developed a set of arrangements to control access to high-cost medicines to ensure their use is cost-effective. These medicines include the tumour nec...
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Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs
