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Article
Temporal variability of urinary cadmium in spot urine samples and first morning voids
Cadmium is a carcinogenic heavy metal. Urinary levels of cadmium are considered to be an indicator of long-term body burden, as cadmium accumulates in the kidneys and has a half-life of at least 10 years. Howe...
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Article
Erratum to: Is Urinary Cadmium a Biomarker of Long-term Exposure in Humans? A Review
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Article
Is Urinary Cadmium a Biomarker of Long-term Exposure in Humans? A Review
Cadmium is a naturally-occurring element, and humans are exposed from cigarettes, food, and industrial sources. Following exposure, cadmium accumulates in the kidney and is slowly released into the urine, usua...
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Article
Urinary cadmium and estimated dietary cadmium in the Women’s Health Initiative
Cadmium, a heavy metal dispersed in the environment as a result of industrial and agricultural applications, has been implicated in several human diseases including renal disease, cancers, and compromised bone...
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Open AccessDietary cadmium intake and risk of prostate cancer: a Danish prospective cohort study
Cadmium is classified as a human lung carcinogen based on evidence from high-exposure occupational settings. Though cadmium has no physiological role, increasing evidence suggests cadmium may mimic steroid hor...
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Open AccessSpace-time clusters of breast cancer using residential histories: A Danish case–control study
A large proportion of breast cancer cases are thought related to environmental factors. Identification of specific geographical areas with high risk (clusters) may give clues to potential environmental risk fa...
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Article
Validation of estimates of past exposure to arsenic in drinking water using historical urinary arsenic concentrations
Consumption of inorganic arsenic in drinking water at high levels has been associated with chronic diseases. Research groups have estimated historic exposure using databases and models of arsenic in drinking w...
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Article
Urinary arsenic species, toenail arsenic, and arsenic intake estimates in a Michigan population with low levels of arsenic in drinking water
The large disparity between arsenic concentrations in drinking water and urine remains unexplained. This study aims to evaluate predictors of urinary arsenic in a population exposed to low concentrations (≤50 μg/...
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Article
Use of land surface remotely sensed satellite and airborne data for environmental exposure assessment in cancer research
In recent years, geographic information systems (GIS) have increasingly been used for reconstructing individual-level exposures to environmental contaminants in epidemiological research. Remotely sensed data c...
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Using satellite derived land cover information for a multi-temporal study of self-reported recall of proximity to farmland
Exposure misclassification is a major concern in epidemiologic studies. The potential for misclassification becomes even more problematic when participants are asked to recall historical information. Yet, hist...
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Article
Intra-individual variability in toenail arsenic concentrations in a Michigan population, USA
Arsenic concentration in toenail clip**s is used as a biomarker of exposure in epidemiological studies, often under the assumption that a single measurement represents long-term exposure. For this assumption...