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Article
Open AccessOptimization of green and environmentally-benign synthesis of isoamyl acetate in the presence of ball-milled seashells by response surface methodology
Ball-milled seashells, as a nano-biocomposite catalyst and natural source of CaCO3 in its aragonite microcrystalline form with fixed CO2, was optimized for the synthesis of isoamyl acetate (3-methylbutyl ethanoat...
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Article
Delayed use of bioenergy crops might threaten climate and food security
The potential of mitigation actions to limit global warming within 2 °C (ref. 1) might rely on the abundant supply of biomass for large-scale bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) that is assumed to s...
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Article
Valorisation of sawdust through the combined microwave-assisted hydrothermal pre-treatment and fermentation using an oleaginous yeast
Oleaginous yeast, cultured on second-generation lignocellulosic resources, has the potential to be a key part of the future energy sector. However, the multiple unit operations necessary to produce concentrate...
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Article
Highly efficient NHC-iridium-catalyzed β-methylation of alcohols with methanol at low catalyst loadings
The methylation of alcohols is of great importance since a broad number of bioactive and pharmaceutical alcohols contain methyl groups. Here, a highly efficient β-methylation of primary and secondary alcohols wit...
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Article
Open AccessUnforeseen crystal forms of the natural osmolyte floridoside
Floridoside (2-α-O-D-galactopyranosyl glycerol) is a glycerol glycoside that is biosynthesised by most species of red algae and has been implicated as an intracellular regulator of various homeostatic functions. ...
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Chapter
Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Valorisation of Rapeseed Meal for the Co-Production of High Purity Lignin and Saccharide-Rich Aqueous Solutions
This work addresses a novel process for the co-production of lignin and oligosaccharides from rapeseed meal, examining the effects of the temperature (150–210 °C), reaction time (0–60 min) and catalyst amount ...
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Chapter
Fermentable Liquid Energy Carriers by Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Depolymerisation of Several Biomass Carbohydrates
This work addresses the production of fermentable liquid aqueous solutions by microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment of cellulose and hemicellulose and alginic acid. A reactivity comparison was established ...
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Chapter
Transoral Endoscopic Vestibular Approach for Management of Thyroid Malignancies
The United States has seen an apparent increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer over the last three decades. Much debate is had on whether this temporal change represents a true increase in incidence or gre...
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Article
A one-pot microwave-assisted NaCl–H2O/GVL solvent system for cellulose conversion to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and saccharides with in situ separation of the products
This work addresses a microwave-assisted, NaCl–H2O/γ-valerolactone (GVL) solvent system for the co-production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and saccharides from cellulose, examining the effects of the solvent ...
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Article
Open AccessEnzymatic synthesis of lignin derivable pyridine based polyesters for the substitution of petroleum derived plastics
Following concerns over increasing global plastic pollution, interest in the production and characterization of bio-based and biodegradable alternatives is rising. In the present work, the synthesis of a serie...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Green Catalytic Transformations
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Valorisation of Biowastes for the Production of Green Materials Using Chemical Methods
With crude oil reserves dwindling, the hunt for a sustainable alternative feedstock for fuels and materials for our society continues to expand. The biorefinery concept has enjoyed both a surge in popularity a...
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Article
Open AccessValorisation of Biowastes for the Production of Green Materials Using Chemical Methods
With crude oil reserves dwindling, the hunt for a sustainable alternative feedstock for fuels and materials for our society continues to expand. The biorefinery concept has enjoyed both a surge in popularity a...
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Article
Open AccessTools and techniques for solvent selection: green solvent selection guides
Driven by legislation and evolving attitudes towards environmental issues, establishing green solvents for extractions, separations, formulations and reaction chemistry has become an increasingly important are...
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Article
Open AccessUsing metrics and sustainability considerations to evaluate the use of bio-based and non-renewable Brønsted acidic ionic liquids to catalyse Fischer esterification reactions
Ionic liquids have found uses in many applications, one of which is the joint solvation and catalysis of chemical transformations. Suitable Brønsted acidic ionic liquids can be formed by combining lactams with...
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Article
Open AccessValorisation of food residues: waste to wealth using green chemical technologies
Waste valorisation practises have attracted a significant amount of attention in recent years with the aim of managing waste in the most sustainable way. Food waste constitutes a largely under-exploited residu...
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Chapter
Green Catalytic Transformations
With ever-increasing demand of chemical products on a global scale, as well as poor public image in recent years, there has been increasing pressure for chemistry industry to become more efficient and sustaina...
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Article
Thermal investigation of ‘molten starch’
Detailed thermal analysis studies have shown that a ‘molten starch’ phase is obtained during controlled heating of starch. Before the ‘molten’ stage, depolymerisation of starch produces lower molecular weight ...
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Green(er) Pharmacy
Although the issue of pharmaceuticals in the environment has been known for many years in some quarters, it has recently come to the attention of the general public in a much more substantive way. This has led...
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Article
Chemistry goes green
Diminishing fossil fuel reserves, hazardous chemicals and wasteful processes have led to the emergence of 'green' technologies; James H. Clark at the University of York considers how metals, materials and organic...
