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Chapter and Conference Paper
Multilingual Discussion in Metaverse among Students from the USA, Korea and Japan
E-learning continues to be used as an educational tool all over the world. However, the typical e-learning systems are sometimes not enough for students to feel a close connection with others. Now engineering ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Multilingual Problem Based Learning in Metaverse
The authors have established an e-learning system by utilizing Second life and language grid system where virtual and multilingual discussions would be possible. To investigate the possibility of PBL in virtua...
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Article
Open AccessInfluence of the nickel-titanium alloy components on biological functions
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Problem Based Learning for US and Japan Students in a Virtual Environment
Problem Based Learning (PBL) is important for engineering education and has been a tool for creative engineering design. It can enhance creativity and has been used to successfully carry out many experiments i...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Checklist System Based on a Web for Qualities of Distance Learning and the Operation
Nowadays, it is very important to ensure the high quality of e-learning on a global scale. Therefore, the online checklist which could give a helpful guideline to ensure a high quality is required. In the curr...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Nuclear Energy Safety Project in Metaverse
This project for learning nuclear energy safety was carried out through e-learning. Problem Based Learning (PBL) was selected as the educational tool and Metaverse as the class environment. The virtual classro...
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Article
Open AccessThe monitoring possibility of some mammalian cells for zinc concentrations on metallic materials
Zinc plating is widely used to protect steels against corrosion. However, the possibility of a high environmental risk for zinc has been recently discussed among advanced countries and more environmentally-fri...
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Book
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Chapter
General Biological Biofilm Observation and Evaluation
This chapter describes some general observation methods and techniques used by biologists to investigate biofilms. Scientists usually stain targets using pigments because some chemicals bind with important com...
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Chapter
Introduction
What is biofilm and how does it form? How are materials involved in the formation process? In this chapter, the authors provide answers or clues to these basic questions. Biofilm is a result of many complicate...
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Chapter
Fish Reef, Seaweed Bed, and Other Construction Applications
In this chapter, the biofilm is applied to an artificial fish reef. Seaweed beds and construction sites are explained too. An artificial fish reef is defined as an artificially made place where fish gather aro...
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Chapter
Antibacterial Effect of Materials and Biofilm
In this chapter, antibacterial effect is explained. Some materials could show the effects. From the viewpoint of their mechanism, antibacterial groups can be divided into three classes. The first consists of m...
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Chapter
Movement of Bacteria Towards Material Surfaces
Bacteria in planktonic states tend to move towards material surfaces. The main reason or driving force for the natural motion should be attributed to chemotaxis, where bacteria move in the direction of high-de...
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Chapter
Artificial Biofilm Formation on the Laboratory Scale
Biofilms are collections of microorganisms that stick to each other on a variety of moist surfaces. These microbial communities are anchored to the surface by a glue-like extracellular polymeric substance (EPS...
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Chapter
Future Scope
As already described in other chapters, biofouling and biofilm formation affect our daily lives in various ways. Being able to solve the daily problems that they cause may also help solve many industrial probl...
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Chapter
Cooling Water
Cooling water is important for many industries. It is used to remove unwanted heat from equipment and processes that need to be cooled. Water is often used as a coolant because it is safe, easy to handle, nont...
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Chapter
Environmental Problems: Soil and Underground Water Treatment and Bioremediation
Bioremediation is environmental restoration technology using natural biological activities by organisms. When the contamination is not so severe and moderate, and when the time needed for the restoration can b...
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Chapter
Bioreactors in Industries and Biofilm
Bioreactors are systems where chemical reactions (involving organisms or active substances derived from them) take place. Many types exist such as batch, continuous, photo, and membrane bioreactors. Industries...
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Chapter
Physical Removal of Biofilm
Biofilms form plaque on teeth and contribute to slime and scale buildup that result in clogged pipes and drains. Clogged pipes display smaller diameters and exhibit a reduced ability for heat exchange and liqu...
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Chapter
Conditioning Films
Planktonic bacteria tend to move toward material surfaces in oligotrophic environments, since carbon compounds as nutrients exist there. The bacterial movement is called chemotaxis and is driven by the existen...
