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17 Result(s)
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Book
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Chapter
Introduction
Infectious diseases ranging from respiratory (influenza, common cold, tuberculosis, the respiratory syncytial virus), vector-borne (plague, malaria, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika) to sexually transmitted (the ...
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Chapter
Shapes of Hazard Functions and Lifetime Distributions
The main focus of this book is to address phenomenological questions regarding the spread of infectious diseases at the population level. Examples of such questions include:
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Chapter
Behaviors of a Disease Outbreak During the Initial Phase and the Branching Process Approximation
We consider that at the beginning, t = 0, there is no disease. We call the system at this condition the disease-free equilibrium. We assume that the entire population is susceptible. The size of the susceptible p...
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Chapter
More Complex Models and Control Measures
We have seen that, under suitable assumptions such as homogeneous mixing, the basic reproduction number R 0, defined at the start of the epidemic and given by (4.2
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Chapter
Characterizing Outbreak Trajectories and the Effective Reproduction Number
Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases pose major challenges to public health worldwide. Fortunately mathematical and statistical inference and simulation approaches are part of the toolkit for guiding p...
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Chapter
Random Counts and Counting Processes
We now turn our attention to the population level dynamics and ask phenomenological questions. First, many important measures in the study of infectious diseases are count variables N, taking integer values n = 0...
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Chapter
Beyond the Initial Phase: Compartment Models for Disease Transmission
We start with simple models that describe the dynamics of disease transmission over time t in a constant population of size m and investigate the long-term epidemic dynamics as t →∞. In these simple models, we as...
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Chapter
Some Statistical Issues
All the models presented in the previous chapters are parametric. They belong to different types and serve different purposes.
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Chapter
Mechanistic Models with Spatial Structures and Reactive Behavior Change
As we have emphasized in Chaps. 4 and 5, simple homogeneous models of transmission or growth dynamics often yield an early exponential epidemic growth phase even when the population is stratified into differen...
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Book
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Chapter
Evaluating the Number of Sickbeds During Ebola Epidemics Using Optimal Control Theory
Optimal control (OC) theory is a powerful tool to guide the design and implementation of control intervention strategies against epidemics. This technique defined control measures under a predetermined objecti...
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Chapter
Patch Models of EVD Transmission Dynamics
Mathematical models have the potential to be useful to forecast the course of epidemics. In this chapter, a family of logistic patch models are preliminarily evaluated for use in disease modeling and forecasti...
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Chapter
Modeling Ring-Vaccination Strategies to Control Ebola Virus Disease Epidemics
The 2013-15 Ebola epidemic that primarily affected Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia has become the most devastating Ebola epidemic in history [1]. This unprecedented epidemic appears to have stemmed from a single...
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Chapter
Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Rubella in Peru, 1997–2006: Geographic Patterns, Age at Infection and Estimation of Transmissibility
Detailed studies on the spatial and temporal patterns of rubella transmission are scarce particularly in develo** countries but could prove useful in improving epidemiological surveillance and intervention s...
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Chapter
The Basic Reproduction Number of Infectious Diseases: Computation and Estimation Using Compartmental Epidemic Models
The basic reproduction number (R0) is a central quantity in epidemiology as it measures the transmission potential of infectious diseases. In this chapter we review the basic theory of the spread of infectious di...
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Chapter
The Effective Reproduction Number as a Prelude to Statistical Estimation of Time-Dependent Epidemic Trends
Although the basic reproduction number, R 0, is useful for understanding the transmissibility of a disease and designing various intervention strategies, the classic threshold quantity theoretically a...
