How to Study Linguistics
A Guide to Understanding Language
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Reduced male fertility of an Antarctic mite following extreme heat stress could prompt localized population declines
Climate change is leading to substantial global thermal changes, which are particularly pronounced in polar regions. Therefore, it is important to examine the impact of heat stress on the reproduction of polar...
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Article
Open AccessMulti-level analysis of reproduction in an Antarctic midge identifies female and male accessory gland products that are altered by larval stress and impact progeny viability
The Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica, is a wingless, non-biting midge endemic to Antarctica. Larval development requires at least 2 years, but adults live only 2 weeks. The nonfeeding adults mate in swarms and...
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Sex- and developmental-specific transcriptomic analyses of the Antarctic mite, Alaskozetes antarcticus, reveal transcriptional shifts underlying oribatid mite reproduction
The oribatid mite Alaskozetes antarcticus, one of the most abundant terrestrial invertebrates in Antarctica, survives extreme temperature fluctuation and desiccation, and thrives in the short growing season chara...
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Book
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Chapter
How to Write a Linguistics Essay
For most of us this is where the crunch really comes. Reading about the subject is OK but having to write something intelligible about it is another matter. All that terminology, those diagrams! Well it isn’t ...
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Chapter
Beginning Linguistics
If you are just starting your studies in linguistics the first piece of advice I have may seem rather odd. It is this: beware of all books on linguistics. And that includes the one you are now reading. A healthy ...
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Chapter
Studying Meaning
Introductions to linguistics will usually have a section on some of the ways in which we can assign a meaning to word strings, and for the majority of us it is this ability of words to ‘mean’ which constitutes...
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Chapter
The Linguistic Context
One of the extraordinary things about language is the way in which we take it for granted as though it were a given fact of life like being able to breathe. In a sense this is inevitable and to a certain exten...
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Studying Syntax
Syntax is one of those words which can usually be relied on to send a shudder down the spine of many a prospective student. The word itself conjures up images of Latin grammars with their fearful talk of parsi...
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Studying Linguistics Further
We have now looked at the three main levels of linguistics: phonology, syntax, and semantics. Let me remind you what these are. Phonology is concerned with the sound structure of the language, in particular wi...
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Studying Sound
Most introductory books on linguistics will have a section on the sound structure, or phonology, of English, which will aim to tell you how sounds are formed and what the principal symbols of the International Ph...
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Book
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Chapter
General Terms and Concepts
The principal chapters of this book concern terms and concepts related to the specific domains of linguistics. But there are some terms and ideas which are so widely used across all the fields of the subject t...
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Linguistics: A Brief Survey
Linguistics is the systematic study of language. Some people refer to it as the ‘science of language’ but I have avoided this description because it can be misleading. The popular view of language is that it is r...
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Syntax
Syntax is a term used for the study of the rules governing the way words are combined to form SENTENCES. If we take any sentence of English, it is clear that the words are arranged in a specific order. We are ...
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Linguistics: The Main Branches
The last three chapters have dealt with the core areas of linguistics. Between them, phonetics/phonology, syntax and semantics/pragmatics constitute the principal levels of linguistics. Whatever branch of the sub...
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Phonetics and Phonology
Phonetics and phonology are concerned with the study of speech and, more particularly, with the dependence of speech on sound. In order to understand the distinction between these two terms it is important to ...
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Semantics and Pragmatics
Semantics and pragmatics are the study of meaning communicated through language. Linguists who work in these branches of linguistics are interested in the ways in which words acquire meaning, and the processes...
