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Article
Clocking Auger electrons
Intense X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) can rapidly excite matter, leaving it in inherently unstable states that decay on femtosecond timescales. The relaxation occurs primarily via Auger emission, so excit...
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Article
Open AccessHetero-site-specific X-ray pump-probe spectroscopy for femtosecond intramolecular dynamics
New capabilities at X-ray free-electron laser facilities allow the generation of two-colour femtosecond X-ray pulses, opening the possibility of performing ultrafast studies of X-ray-induced phenomena. Particu...
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Article
Measuring the temporal structure of few-femtosecond free-electron laser X-ray pulses directly in the time domain
Short-wavelength free-electron lasers are now well established as essential and unrivalled sources of ultrabright coherent X-ray radiation. One of the key characteristics of these intense X-ray pulses is their...
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Article
Femtosecond electronic response of atoms to ultra-intense X-rays
An era of exploring the interactions of high-intensity, hard X-rays with matter has begun with the start-up of a hard-X-ray free-electron laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Understanding how electr...
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Article
Scaling strong-field interactions towards the classical limit
A systematic experimental study of the ionization of argon by mid-infrared light confirms half-a-century-old predictions and paves the way to the development of brighter, shorter attosecond pulse sources.
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Article
High order harmonic generation by non-linear reflection of a pedestal-free intense laser pulse on a plasma
We demonstrate the influence of the prepulses and ASE of ultrashort pulses interacting with a solid target by addressing the direct comparison of the harmonic spectra generated by reflection onto a solid targe...