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Article
The dopamine-related polymorphisms BDNF, COMT, DRD2, DRD3, and DRD4 are not linked with changes in CSF dopamine levels and frequency of HIV infection
We showed previously that higher levels in CSF dopamine in HIV patients are associated with the presence of the dopamine transporter (DAT) 10/10-repeat allele which was also detected more frequently in HIV-inf...
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Article
Open AccessAutoimmunity, dendritic cells and relevance for Parkinson’s disease
Innate and adaptive immune responses in neurodegenerative diseases have become recently a focus of research and discussions. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder without known etiopathogene...
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Article
Increased dopaminergic neurotransmission in therapy-naïve asymptomatic HIV patients is not associated with adaptive changes at the dopaminergic synapses
Central dopaminergic (DA) systems are affected during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. So far, it is believed that they degenerate with progression of HIV disease because deterioration of DA syste...
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Article
Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity and CSF dopamine depletion in HIV
Dopaminergic dysfunction is thought to play a pivotal role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related dementia. Decreased dopamine (DA) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and neuronal loss in the subst...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
HIV Dementia: A Neurodegenerative Disorder with Viral Etiology
Infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) commonly results in neuropsychiatric dysfunction known, in the most severe form, as HIV dementia. Despite decreased mortality...
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Article
Cu, Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase levels in brains of patients with schizophrenic psychosis
Impaired oxidative stress defense has been reported in blood of both drug-naïve and antipsychotic-treated patients suffering from schizophrenic psychosis, indicating the involvement of free radical metabolism ...
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Article
Dopamine deficits and regulation of the cAMP second messenger system in brains of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus monkeys
The basal ganglia, structures rich in the neurotransmitter dopamine, are primarily affected during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The authors measured levels of dopamine and its metabolites, hom...
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Article
Modulation of simian immunodeficiency virus neuropathology by dopaminergic drugs
Drug abuse and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection seem to cause cumulative damage in the central nervous system (CNS). Elevated extracellular dopamine is thought to be a prime mediator of the reinfor...
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Article
Free radicals in Parkinson's disease
Although there are a number of hypotheses to explain the pathobiochemistry of Parkinson's disease (PD), the one on oxidative stress (OS) has gained major interest. The evidence for OS participation as a cause...
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Article
Methylmercury induces neurite degeneration in primary culture of mouse dopaminergic mesencephalic cells
Methylmercury cation (MeHg) is an hazardous environmental pollutant with neurotoxic action. Little is known about the effects of MeHg on catecholaminergic neurons. In the present study we have used epifluores...
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Article
Parkinsonism in HIV dementia
A great number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients develop a central nervous system disorder, commonly called HIV dementia or AIDS dementia complex (ADC). HIV dementia is independent of op...
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Article
Macaque animal model for HIV-induced neurological disease
The pathogenesis of HIV-induced neurological disorders is still incompletely understood. Since many aspects of this disease are difficult to explore in humans, animal models are necessary to fill the gaps in ...
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Article
Involvement of dopamine in the progression of AIDS Dementia Complex
HIV compromises immunological functions. Immune responses are regulated to a great extent by several molecules such as cytokines, neurotransmitters and hormones which interact with different immune effector c...
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Article
Neurotransmission in HIV associated dementia: a short review
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is frequently associated with specific neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Our understanding of how HIV-related CNS deficits develop is still preliminary and th...
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Article
Dopamine activates HIV in chronically infected T lymphoblasts
HIV infection is associated with a marked vulnerability of the dopaminergic system. We found recently that dopaminergic substances increase brain pathology in the simian model of HIV infection. In the current...
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Chapter
Progressive Neurodegeneration of the Dopaminergic system and Inhibition of the Complex I Induced by the Chloral-Derived Tetrahydro-β-Carboline TaClo
TaClo (1-trichloromethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline) appears to be a neurotoxic drug able to induce a slow develo** degeneration of dopamine neurons. This is indicated from measurements of the apomorphin...
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Article
Abstracts Second Congress of the European Society for Clinical Neuropharmacology
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Article
MPP+ selectively affects calcium homeostasis in mesencephalic cell cultures from embryonal C57/B16 mice
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), the active metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) serves as a valuable tool in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Primary cell cultures of mesence...
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Article
Functional changes in cocultures of mesencephalon and striatal neurons from embryonic C57/BL6 mice due to low concentrations of 1-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridinium (MPP+)
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), the active metabolite of 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is taken up into dopaminergic terminals and selectively destroys dopaminergic neurons, serving a...