12 Result(s)
within
Catherine A. Hartley
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Article
Understanding the development of reward learning through the lens of meta-learning
Determining how environments shape how people learn is central to understanding individual differences in goal-directed behaviour. Studies of the effects of early-life adversity on reward learning have reveale...
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Article
Open AccessThe rational use of causal inference to guide reinforcement learning strengthens with age
Beliefs about the controllability of positive or negative events in the environment can shape learning throughout the lifespan. Previous research has shown that adults’ learning is modulated by beliefs about t...
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Article
Open AccessAdolescents exhibit reduced Pavlovian biases on instrumental learning
Multiple learning systems allow individuals to flexibly respond to opportunities and challenges present in the environment. An evolutionarily conserved “Pavlovian” learning mechanism couples valence and action...
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Article
Association between real-world experiential diversity and positive affect relates to hippocampal–striatal functional connectivity
Experiential diversity promotes well-being in animal models. Here, using geolocation tracking, experience sampling and neuroimaging, we found that daily variability in physical location was associated with inc...
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Article
More than two forms of Pavlovian prediction
Behavioural neuroscience and reinforcement learning theory distinguish between ‘model-free’ and ‘model-based’ computations that can guide behaviour. A recent study demonstrates that Pavlovian learning can give...
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Article
Open AccessIndividual differences in blink rate modulate the effect of instrumental control on subsequent Pavlovian responding
Pavlovian conditioned responses to cues that signal threat are rapidly acquired and tend to persist over time. However, recent research suggests that the ability to actively avoid or exert control over an anti...
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Article
Individual differences in learning predict the return of fear
Using a laboratory analogue of learned fear (Pavlovian fear conditioning), we show that there is substantial heterogeneity across individuals in spontaneous recovery of fear following extinction training. We p...
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Article
Experiential reward learning outweighs instruction prior to adulthood
Throughout our lives, we face the important task of distinguishing rewarding actions from those that are best avoided. Importantly, there are multiple means by which we acquire this information. Through trial ...
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Article
FAAH genetic variation enhances fronto-amygdala function in mouse and human
Cross-species studies enable rapid translational discovery and produce the broadest impact when both mechanism and phenotype are consistent across organisms. We developed a knock-in mouse that biologically rec...
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Article
Sensitive Periods in Affective Development: Nonlinear Maturation of Fear Learning
At specific maturational stages, neural circuits enter sensitive periods of heightened plasticity, during which the development of both brain and behavior are highly receptive to particular experiential inform...
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Chapter
Fear Models in Animals and Humans
While fear learning is an adaptive behavior critical to our survival, excessive fear can markedly impair one’s ability to function and is a central characteristic of anxiety disorders. In this chapter, we revi...
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Article
Changing Fear: The Neurocircuitry of Emotion Regulation
The ability to alter emotional responses as circumstances change is a critical component of normal adaptive behavior and is often impaired in psychological disorders. In this review, we discuss four emotional ...
