-
Article
APOBEC3 inhibits mouse mammary tumour virus replication in vivo
Genomes of all mammals encode apobec3 genes, which are thought to have a function in intrinsic cellular immunity to several viruses including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)1. APOBEC3 (A3) proteins ar...
-
Article
Open AccessInteractions between Nef and AIP1 proliferate multivesicular bodies and facilitate egress of HIV-1
Nef is an accessory protein of primate lentiviruses, HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV. Besides removing CD4 and MHC class I from the surface and activating cellular signaling cascades, Nef also binds GagPol during late st...
-
Article
Nef: out and in?
Lentiviral Nef protein has many functions in the evasion of host immune defenses. Another 'chink' in the host immune 'armor' has now been exposed by Nef's ability to inhibit immunoglobulin class switching.
-
Article
Open AccessIntracellular immunity to HIV-1: newly defined retroviral battles inside infected cells
Studies of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) continue to enrich eukaryotic biology and immunology. Recent advances have defined factors that function after viral entry and prevent the replication...
-
Article
c-Myc recruits P-TEFb for transcription, cellular proliferation and apoptosis
c-Myc promotes cellular proliferation, sensitizes cells to apoptosis and prevents differentiation. It binds cyclin T1 structurally and functionally from the positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb)....
-
Article
Human p32 protein relieves a post-transcriptional block to HIV replication in murine cells
In the mouse, replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) is blocked at the levels of entry, transcription and assembly. For the latter effect, the amounts of unspliced viral genomic RNA could hav...
-
Article
Hide, shield and strike back: how HIV-infected cells avoid immune eradication
HIV escapes the immune system by hiding inside cells. In resting cells, blocks to the initiation and elongation of viral transcription have been proposed.
... -
Article
Mutation in a winged-helix DNA-binding motif causes atypical bare lymphocyte syndrome
Bare lymphocyte syndrome (BLS) is an autosomal recessive severe-combined immunodeficiency that can result from mutations in four different transcription factors that regulate the expression of major histocompa...
-
Article
Charting HIV's remarkable voyage through the cell: Basic science as a passport to future therapy
Adequate control of HIV requires impairing the infection, replication and spread of the virus, no small task given the extraordinary capacity of HIV to exploit the cell's molecular machinery in the course of i...
-
Article
Role of the X2 box in activated transcription from the DRA promoter in B cells
We investigated the function of the evolutionary conserved X2 box in the promoter of the HLA-DRA gene from the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in resting and activated B cells. NF-X2, which contains...
-
Article
The function of the octamer-binding site in the DRA promoter
The octamer binding site, which is located immediately upstream of the poorly conserved DRA TATA sequence, is important fof high levels of expression of this human major histocompatibility class II gene in B cell...
-
Chapter
Molecular Biology of HIV
This chapter deals with the molecular biology of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1, HIV-2, SIV) (Myers et al., 1993; see also Fultz, 1994; Chapter 1, this volume). They belong to the lentivirus gen...
-
Chapter
HIV-1 Tat trans-activates in the Absence of its Target
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS). Transcription of HIV-1 is regulated by the virally encoded trans-activator, Tat ...
-
Article
Transcriptional regulation of HLA class-II genes
-
Article
Replication of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Strategies for Inhibition
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been implicated as the etiological agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and related disorders. Much current research effort is aimed at elucidating ...
-
Article
Anti-termination of transcription within the long terminal repeat of HIV-1 by tat gene product
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) gene expression is controlled by cellular transcription factors and by virally encoded trans-activation proteins of the HIV-1 tat and art/trs genes, which are essential for...
-
Article
Methylation patterns of HLA-DR alpha genes in six mononuclear cell lines
The relationship between DNA methylation and HLA-DR α gene expression was investigated in six mononuclear cell lines. RPMI-4265 (B cell) and HUT-78 (T cell) constitutively express HLA-DR. HL-60 (myelomonocyte) an...
