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Article
Open AccessEmergence and intensification of dairying in the Caucasus and Eurasian steppes
Archaeological and archaeogenetic evidence points to the Pontic–Caspian steppe zone between the Caucasus and the Black Sea as the crucible from which the earliest steppe pastoralist societies arose and spread,...
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Article
Open AccessThe genomic origins of the Bronze Age Tarim Basin mummies
The identity of the earliest inhabitants of **njiang, in the heart of Inner Asia, and the languages that they spoke have long been debated and remain contentious1. Here we present genomic data from 5 individuals ...
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Article
Open AccessDerivation and validation of the ED-SAS score for very early prediction of mortality and morbidity with acute pancreatitis: a retrospective observational study
Existing scoring systems to predict mortality in acute pancreatitis may not be directly applicable to the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study was to derive and validate the ED-SAS, a simple ...
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Article
Open AccessAncient proteins provide evidence of dairy consumption in eastern Africa
Consuming the milk of other species is a unique adaptation of Homo sapiens, with implications for health, birth spacing and evolution. Key questions nonetheless remain regarding the origins of dairying and its re...
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Article
Dairy pastoralism sustained eastern Eurasian steppe populations for 5,000 years
Dairy pastoralism is integral to contemporary and past lifeways on the eastern Eurasian steppe, facilitating survival in agriculturally challenging environments. While previous research has indicated that rumi...
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Article
Open AccessIdentification of regulatory targets for the bacterial Nus factor complex
Nus factors are broadly conserved across bacterial species, and are often essential for viability. A complex of five Nus factors (NusB, NusE, NusA, NusG and SuhB) is considered to be a dedicated regulator of r...
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Article
Open AccessKeel petal incision: a simple and efficient method for genetic crossing in Medicago truncatula
Genetic crossing is an essential tool in both forward and reverse genetic approaches to understand the biological functions of genes. For Medicago truncatula (barrel medic) various crossing techniques have been u...
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Article
Neutralization of B. anthracis toxins during ex vivo phagocytosis
Glycoconjugates (GCs) are recognized as stimulation and signaling agents, affecting cell adhesion, activation, and growth of living organisms. Among GC targets, macrophages are considered ideal since they play...
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Article
Glycoconjugates prevent B. anthracis toxin-induced cell death through binding while activating macrophages
Bacillus anthracis toxins may be attenuated if macrophages could neutralize toxins upon contact or exposure. Glycoconjugate-bearing polymers, which have been shown to bind to Bacillus spo...
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Article
Killing of Bacillus spores is mediated by nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase during glycoconjugate–enhanced phagocytosis
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling and defense molecule of major importance. NO endows macrophages with bactericidal, cytostatic as well as cytotoxic activity against various pathogens. Bacillus spores can produce ...
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Article
Children with Comorbid Speech Sound Disorder and Specific Language Impairment are at Increased Risk for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
This study focuses on the comorbidity between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and speech sound disorder (SSD). SSD is a developmental disorder characterized by speech production errors...
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Article
Processing Speed Deficits in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Reading Disability
The goal of the current study was to test whether deficits in processing speed (PS) may be a shared cognitive risk factor in reading disability (RD) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which a...
