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Article
Open AccessCOPD lung studies of Nrf2 expression and the effects of Nrf2 activators
Nrf2 regulates cellular antioxidant defence in lung cells, including epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages (AM). The Nrf2/Keap-1 pathway can be modulated by activators with different modes of action; elect...
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Article
Open AccessADAM15 expression is increased in lung CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and bronchial epithelial cells in patients with COPD and is inversely related to airflow obstruction
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-15 (ADAM15) is expressed by activated leukocytes, and fibroblasts in vitro. Whether ADAM15 expression is increased in the lungs of COPD patients is not known.
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Article
Open AccessThe pathology of small airways disease in COPD: historical aspects and future directions
Small airways disease (SAD) is a cardinal feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) first recognized in the nineteenth century. The diverse histopathological features associated with SAD underpin...
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Article
Open AccessElectronic cigarette exposure triggers neutrophil inflammatory responses
The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) is increasing and there is widespread perception that e-cigs are safe. E-cigs contain harmful chemicals; more research is needed to evaluate the safety of e-cig use. O...
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Article
Open AccessThe effects of corticosteroids on COPD lung macrophages: a pooled analysis
There is large variation in the therapeutic response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in COPD patients. We present a pooled analysis of our previous studies investigating the effects of corticosteroids on lung...
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Article
Open AccessThe role of the liver X receptor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
There is a need for novel anti-inflammatory therapies to treat COPD. The liver X receptor (LXR) is a nuclear hormone receptor with anti-inflammatory properties.
