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Article
Open AccessClonal relationship and alcohol consumption-associated mutational signature in synchronous hypopharyngeal tumours and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
The patients with dual oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) have poor prognosis; their underlying genetic pathogenesis is unclear. We hypothesise that development of synch...
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Article
Mortality outcomes and survival patterns of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms in Malaysia
Prognostication of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) has always been challenging, even with the advent of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2 V617F) molecular studies. The survival pattern of patients diagnosed with MPN in d...
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Article
Non-nociceptive roles of opioids in the CNS: opioids’ effects on neurogenesis, learning, memory and affect
Mortality due to opioid use has grown to the point where, for the first time in history, opioid-related deaths exceed those caused by car accidents in many states in the United States. Changes in the prescribi...
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Article
Effects of addictive drugs on adult neural stem/progenitor cells
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) undergo a series of developmental processes before giving rise to newborn neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in adult neurogenesis. During the past decade, the role o...
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Article
Open AccessEffects of dextromethorphan and oxycodone on treatment of neuropathic pain in mice
Neuropathic pain is a very troublesome and difficult pain to treat. Although opioids are the best analgesics for cancer and surgical pain in clinic, only oxycodone among opioids shows better efficacy to allevi...
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Article
Post-transcriptional regulation of mu-opioid receptor: role of the RNA-binding proteins heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 and F
Classical opioids have been historically used for the treatment of pain and are among the most widely used drugs for both acute severe pain and long-term pain. Morphine and endogenous mu-opioid peptides exert the...
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Article
Cellular response to influenza virus infection: a potential role for autophagy in CXCL10 and interferon-alpha induction
Historically, influenza pandemics have arisen from avian influenza viruses. Avian influenza viruses H5N1 and H9N2 are potential pandemic candidates. Infection of humans with the highly pathogenic avian influen...
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Article
Open AccessAntinociceptive effects of morphine and naloxone in mu-opioid receptor knockout mice transfected with the MORS196A gene
Opioid analgesics such as morphine and meperidine have been used to control moderate to severe pain for many years. However, these opioids have many side effects, including the development of tolerance and dep...
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Article
Differential use of an in-frame translation initiation codon regulates human mu opioid receptor (OPRM1)
The pharmacological effects of morphine and morphine-like drugs are mediated primarily through the µ opioid receptor. Here we show that differential use of an in-frame translational start codon in the 5′-untra...