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Protocol
Profiling Numerical and Structural Chromosomal Instability in Different Cancer Types
Many cancers display whole chromosome instability (W-CIN) and structural chromosomal instability (S-CIN), referring to increased rates of acquiring numerically and structurally abnormal chromosome changes. Thi...
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Protocol
N-Glycan Insertion for Probing Protein–Protein Interactions and Epitope Map**
Introducing an N-linked glycosylation motif into recombinant proteins at specific sites is a useful tool in probing protein–protein interactions and epitope map**. Due to their large size, a new N-glycan can...
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Protocol
Evaluation of Oxygen Consumption Rates In Situ
An analysis of the mitochondrial respiration function represented by the oxygen consumption rate is necessary to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox function. This protocol describes two alternative t...
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Protocol
Studying the Dynamics of Tunneling Tubes and Cellular Spheres
Cancer cytogenetic analyses often involve cell culture. However, many cytogeneticists overlook interesting phenotypes associated with cultured cells. Given that cytogeneticists need to focus more on phenotypes...
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Protocol
Delineating the Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
recognize altered gut microbiota triggering an immune response. These responses play a critical role in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is characterized by inflammation...
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Protocol
Detection of Microorganisms in Body Fluid Samples
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been widely applied to the identification of microbiome in body fluids. The methodology of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing is simple, fast, and cost-effective. It overcomes th...
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Protocol
Capture and Selective Release of Viable Circulating Tumor Cells
Selectively capturing and releasing viable circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the peripheral blood of cancer patients is advantageous for investigating the molecular hallmarks of metastasis and develo** per...
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Protocol
Cell-Free RNA Sequencing from Biofluid Samples
Liquid biopsy has obvious advantages over invasive sampling methods. Cell-free DNA is now widely used in prenatal and cancer diagnosis. Cell-free RNA is relatively unstable but could contain potential biomarke...
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Protocol
CSF Biopsy in Glioma: A Brief Review
Glioma is the most common intracranial malignant tumor. Over the past several years, liquid biopsy in diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors have made many progressions, but there is still a gap from a large ...
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Protocol
A CRISPR Platform for Targeted In Vivo Screens
Large-scale genetic screens are becoming increasingly used as powerful tools to query the genome to identify therapeutic targets in cancer. The advent of the CRISPR technology has revolutionized the effectiven...
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Protocol
The Protocol of Circulating Tumor Cell Detection
The detection of CTCs is related to the development of tumors and can be used in medical fields such as early diagnosis, postoperative evaluation, monitoring treatment, and predicting disease prognosis. This a...
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Protocol
Advances of Liquid Biopsy for Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation and Its Recurrence After Ablation in Clinical Application
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia disease with high morbidity in clinical practice and leads to stroke, heart failure, peripheral embolism, and other severe complications. With aging of the socie...
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Protocol
Exosomal RNA Sequencing from Body Fluid Samples
Exosomes are microcapsules released by different types of cells. It contains DNA, RNA, proteins, and other substances. Exosomes spread in body fluids, and their contents can be phagocytosed by other cells and ...
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Protocol
Liquid Biopsy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly neoplasms with a poor prognosis. Due to the significant tumor heterogeneity of HCC, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) or liver biopsy has not yet met the clinical...
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Protocol
Zebrafish: A Tractable Model for Analysis of T Cell Development
While the zebrafish has for some time been regarded as a powerful model organism with which to study early events in hematopoiesis, recent evidence suggests that it also ideal for unraveling the molecular requ...
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Protocol
A Method to Identify Potential Prognostic Markers Across Distinct Tumor Types
The identification of novel biomarkers in cancer patients often requires both survival and gene expression analyses. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis is one of the most common methods to assess the fraction ...
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Protocol
Mouse Models to Study Secondary Cancer Prevention
Secondary prevention is a set of procedures involved in discovering early recurrence, local or systemic metastasis before the clinical signs or symptoms. We describe a mouse model with orthotopic pancreatic tu...
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Protocol
A Bioinformatic Framework for Dissecting the Dynamics of T Cells from Single-Cell Transcriptome
The quantitative tracking of the dynamics of T cells is challenging in human immunology. Although bulk sequencing of T cell receptor (TCR) α- and β-chains has been widely used for determining the clonality of ...
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Protocol
A Method for Coexpression Analysis
Gene coexpression network analysis is a commonly used approach in bioinformatics and biomedical research to construct coexpression networks and detect coexpressed genes. This type of analysis has proven valuab...
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Protocol
Tetramer-Associated T Cell Receptor Sequencing
Linking antigen specificity to T cell receptor (TCR) sequences is critical, albeit challenging, to both understanding T cell biology and develo** T cell-based therapeutics. Here, we describe in detail tetram...