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Protocol
Bioprinting of Complex Vascularized Tissues
Functional vasculature is crucial for the maintenance of living tissues via the transport of oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic waste products. As a result, insufficient vascularization in thick engineered tissu...
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Protocol
Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for the Detection and Quantification of Diffusible Signal Factor (DSF) Family Quorum-Sensing Signals
Molecules of the diffusible signal factor (DSF) family represent a class of widely conserved quorum-sensing signals used by many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. The measurement of DSF family signals is esse...
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Protocol
Cellular Apoptosis Assay of Breast Cancer
Apoptosis is an energy-dependent enzymatic cell suicide process. It almost always involves the activation of caspases. In this chapter, we systemically introduce methodologies to assay caspases dependent bioch...
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Protocol
A Reverse Genetics Approach for the Design of Methyltransferase-Defective Live Attenuated Avian Metapneumovirus Vaccines
Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), also known as avian pneumovirus or turkey rhinotracheitis virus, is the causative agent of turkey rhinotracheitis and is associated with swollen head syndrome in chickens. aMPV be...
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Protocol
Three-Dimensional Culture for Expansion and Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells
Although embryonic stem (ES) cells have the regenerative capability of producing any tissue in our body, the development of efficient methods to generate a large number of ES cells with high purity has still r...
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Protocol
Microprinting of Liver Micro-organ for Drug Metabolism Study
In their normal in vivo matrix milieu, tissues assume complex well-organized 3D architectures. Therefore, a primary aim in the tissue engineering design process is to fabricate an optimal analog of the in vivo...
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Protocol
Methods for Detecting Cells in S Phase
S phase is that period of time in the cell-division cycle during which nuclear chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is replicated (1,2). The time required for S phase depends on the size of the genome, the org...
