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Protocol
Creating Selenocysteine-Specific Reporters Using Inteins
The selenium moiety in selenocysteine (Sec) imparts enhanced chemical properties to this amino acid and ultimately the protein in which it is inserted. These characteristics are attractive for designing highly...
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Protocol
Artificial Antigen Presentosomes for T Cell Activation
CD8+ T cells constitute an essential component of the adaptive immune system. They are activated through T cell receptor (TCR) recognizing antigenic peptides presented by MHC class I molecules expressed by antige...
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Protocol
Genetics of Unstudied Thermophiles for Industry
Thermophilic organisms hold great potential for industry due to their numerous advantages in biotechnological applications such as higher reaction rate, higher substrate loading, decreased susceptibility to re...
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Protocol
A Proteomics Workflow for Dual Labeling Biotin Switch Assay to Detect and Quantify Protein S-Nitroylation
S-nitrosylation (or S-nitrosation, SNO) is an oxidative posttranslational modification to the thiol group of a cysteine amino acid residue. There are several methods to detect SNO modifications, mostly based o...
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Protocol
LC-MS/MS Analysis of Lipid Oxidation Products in Blood and Tissue Samples
Oxygenated lipid products of non-cyclooxygenase derivatives, namely, prostanoids such as, isoprostanes and isofurans, are formed in vivo through lipid autoxidation. Insofar it has been marked as novel biomarke...
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Protocol
The Use of Intravital Two-Photon and Thick Section Confocal Imaging to Analyze B Lymphocyte Trafficking in Lymph Nodes and Spleen
Intravital two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TP-LSM) has allowed the direct observation of immune cells in intact organs of living animals. In the B cell biology field TP-LSM has detailed the movement of B...
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Protocol
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)-Based Methods for Examining Cancer Metabolism in Response to Oncogenic Kinase Drug Treatment
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is an analytical technique that has been extensively used to examine reprogrammed metabolism and treatment response in cancer cells and solid tumors both in vivo and ex vi...
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Protocol
Multiplex and Quantitative Pathogen Detection with High-Resolution Capillary Electrophoresis-Based Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism
Among the molecular diagnostic methods for bacteria-induced diseases, capillary electrophoresis-based single-strand conformation polymorphism (CE-SSCP) combined with 16S rRNA gene-specific PCR has enormous pot...
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Protocol
Protein Engineering: Single or Multiple Site-Directed Mutagenesis
Site-directed mutagenesis techniques are invaluable tools in molecular biology to study the structural and functional properties of a protein. To expedite the time required and simplify methods for mutagenesis...
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Protocol
Purification of Nitrogenase Proteins
Nitrogenase is one of the most complex enzymes known to date. The extensively studied molybdenum nitrogenase consists of two protein components and three metal centers that are critical for nitrogenase activit...
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Protocol
Protocols for Cofactor Isolation of Nitrogenase
The iron-molybdenum cofactor (FeMoco) of the nitrogenase MoFe protein has remained a focal point in the field of bioinorganic chemistry for decades. This unique metal cluster has long been regarded as the actu...
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Protocol
Assembly of Nitrogenase MoFe Protein
Biosynthesis of MoFe protein and, particularly, that of its associated P-cluster and FeMoco has raised a significant amount of interest because of the biological importance and chemical exclusiveness of these ...
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Protocol
An Optimized RNA Extraction Method from Archival Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue
Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is one of the most valuable resources available for molecular biological analysis on tissue after diagnostic histopathological examination. Gene expression pr...
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Protocol
Detection of G-Quadruplexes in Cells and Investigation of G-Quadruplex Structure of d(T2AG3)4 in K+ Solution by a Carbazole Derivative: BMVC
Verification of the existence of quadruplex structure in native human telomeres and determination of the major structure of d(T2AG3)4 (H24) in K+ solution are the major questions regarding the structure of human ...
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Protocol
Intravital Two-Photon Imaging of Adoptively Transferred B Lymphocytes in Inguinal Lymph Nodes
Intravital two-photon imaging allows the observation of immune cells in intact organs of live animals in real time. Recently, several studies using two-photon microscopy have detailed the motility of mouse B a...
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Protocol
Hydrodynamic Delivery of siRNA in a Mouse Model of Sepsis
The use of siRNA in vivo as well as in animal models has become more widespread in recent years, leading to further questions as to the best mode of delivery that will achieve optimal knockdown. While the exact m...
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Protocol
Self-Assembly of Fused Homo-Oligomers to Create Nanotubes
The formation of a nanostructure by self-assembly of a peptide or protein building block depends on the ability of the building block to spontaneously assemble into an ordered structure. We first describe a pr...
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Protocol
Scoring Functions for De Novo Protein Structure Prediction Revisited
De novo protein structure prediction methods attempt to predict tertiary structures from sequences based on general principles that govern protein folding energetics and/or statistical tendencies of conformati...
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Protocol
Design and Fabrication of Spotted Long Oligonucleotide Microarrays for Gene Expression Analysis
DNA microarray technology has advanced rapidly since the first use of cDNA microarrays almost a decade ago. For gene expression studies on organisms, for which the genomes have been sequenced, cDNA microarrays...
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Protocol
Quantum Dots for In Vivo Molecular and Cellular Imaging
Multifunctional nanoparticle probes based on semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are developed for simultaneous targeting and imaging of cancer cells in living animals. The structural design involves encapsulatin...