50 Result(s)
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Chapter
HDL and Lipid Metabolism
Mediating reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is the most classic function of HDL. HDL and HDL-C participate in the entire process of RCT, including cholesterol removal from cells, cholesterol transport in cir...
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HDL and Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I (SRBI)
The scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) is a versatile HDL receptor protein. It is highly expressed in liver and steroidogenic tissues. SR-BI regulates selective uptake of cholesterol ester (CE) from HDL...
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Methods of Lipidomic Analysis: Extraction, Derivatization, Separation, and Identification of Lipids
Lipidomics refers to the large-scale study of pathways and networks of cellular lipids in biological systems. A lipidomic analysis often involves the identification and quantification of the thousands of cellu...
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Medical Imaging Manifestation of Skeletal Fluorosis
There are three types of endemic fluorosis, namely drinking water type, coal-burning type, and brick-tea type of endemic fluorosis. With skeletal fluorosis and dental fluorosis as the major manifestations, ske...
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Cullin-RING Ligase Regulation by the COP9 Signalosome: Structural Mechanisms and New Physiologic Players
The Cullin-RING E3 ligases (CRLs) are major ubiquitylation machineries regulated by reversible cycles of neddylation and deneddylation. The deneddylase COP9 Signalosome (CSN) terminates CRL catalytic cycle. CS...
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Neural Circuit Mechanisms That Underlie Parental Care
In mammals, parental care is essential for the survival of the young; therefore, it is vitally important to the propagation of the species. These behaviors, differing between the two sexes, are innate, stereot...
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Inwardly Rectifying K+ Channel 4.1 Regulates Renal K+ Excretion in the Aldosterone-Sensitive Distal Nephron
The inwardly rectifying potassium channel 4.1 (Kir4.1, KCNJ10) in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (ASDN) plays a key role in the regulation of Na+ and K+ transport by sensing the dietary K+ and Na+ intak...
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Protection and Prevention of Age-Related Hearing Loss
Presbycusis is a sensorineural hearing loss caused by hearing system aging and degeneration. The clinical manifestations are progressive bilateral symmetrical hearing loss, and the hearing curve is mostly slop...
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Connective Tissue Growth Factor and Renal Fibrosis
CCN2, also known as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), is one of important members of the CCN family. Generally, CTGF expresses at low levels in normal adult kidney, while increases significantly in vario...
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Autophagy, Aging, and Longevity
Autophagy is a conserved process that degrades intracellular components through lysosomes, thereby maintaining energy homeostasis and renewal of organelles. Mounting evidence indicates that autophagy plays a k...
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Psychopharmacology and Psychotherapy Research
With vigorous researches related to novel treatment in psychiatric field, paradigm shift is emerging with its design and assessment. Comprehension of the psychiatric phenomenon expanded beyond disease model, w...
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History and Current Status of Autophagy Research
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process in which eukaryotic bilayer membrane vesicles enclose intracellular contents and transport them to lysosomes for degradation. In the 1990s, Ohsumi et al. identi...
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Autophagy in Plant Immunity
The highly conserved catabolic process of autophagy delivers unwanted proteins or damaged organelles to vacuoles for degradation and recycling. This is essential for the regulation of cellular homeostasis, str...
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Current Challenges and Applications of Oncolytic Viruses in Overcoming the Development of Resistance to Therapies in Cancer
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are designed to ablate cancerous cells while sparing non-malignant cells and tissues. In the wake of an active tumor infection, OVs can activate an anti-tumor immune response. Currently...
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Classification, Biological Characteristics and Cultivations of Ganoderma
Species of Ganoderma (Ling-zhi) have been widely researched and cultivated due to their highly prized medicinal value, which is famous as a traditional Chinese medicine. The aims of this chapter are to (1) review...
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Beclin 1, Bcl-2 and Autophagy
Beclin 1 is the first mammalian autophagy protein identified as a novel Bcl-2-interacting protein. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that this landmark protein is essential for autophagy. By investigating t...
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Mesangial Cells and Renal Fibrosis
The main cellular constituents in glomerular mesangium are mesangial cells, which account for approximately 30–40% of the total cells in the glomerulus. Together with the mesangial matrix, mesangial cells form...
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Biological Rhythms Advance in Depressive Disorder
Most processes of human body, such as brain function, are regulated by biological rhythms. Disturbance of biological rhythms impairs mood, behavior, cognition, sleep, and social activity and may lead to mental...
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Chapter
ALDH2 and Cardiovascular Disease
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a non-cytochrome P450 mitochondrial aldehyde oxidizing enzyme. It is best known for its role in the metabolism of acetaldehyde, a common metabolite from alcohol drinking. Mo...
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Progress of Epigenetic Changes in Heart Failure
Cardiac function requires sophisticated regulatory networks to orchestrate environmental adaptation. These regulatory networks in heart remodeling to maintain its function are composed of transcriptional contr...
