![Loading...](https://link.springer.com/static/c4a417b97a76cc2980e3c25e2271af3129e08bbe/images/pdf-preview/spacer.gif)
-
Article
Neutralization Versus Reinforcement of Proinflammatory Cytokines to Arrest Autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes
As physiological pathways of intercellular communication produced by all cells, cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory insulitis as well as pivotal mediators of immune homeostasis. Proinfla...
-
Article
Mechanisms of diabetic autoimmunity: I—the inductive interface between islets and the immune system at onset of inflammation
The mechanisms of autoimmune reactivity onset in type 1 diabetes (T1D) remain elusive despite extensive experimentation and discussion. We reconsider several key aspects of the early stages of autoimmunity at...
-
Article
Mechanisms of diabetic autoimmunity: II—Is diabetes a central or peripheral disorder of effector and regulatory cells?
Two competing hypotheses aiming to explain the onset of autoimmune reactions are discussed in the context of genetic and environmental predisposition to type 1 diabetes (T1D). The first hypothesis has evolved ...
-
Article
Lymphopenia is detrimental to therapeutic approaches to type 1 diabetes using regulatory T cells
One of the therapeutic approaches to type 1 diabetes (T1D) focuses on enhancement of regulatory T cell (Treg) activity, either by adoptive transfer or supplementation of supporting cytokines such as interleuki...