![Loading...](https://link.springer.com/static/c4a417b97a76cc2980e3c25e2271af3129e08bbe/images/pdf-preview/spacer.gif)
-
Article
A universal calibration method for eliminating topography-dependent current in conductive AFM and its application in nanoscale imaging
The topography and electrical properties are two crucial characteristics that determine the roles and functionalities of materials. Conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM) is widely recognized for its abilit...
-
Article
Thylakoid engineered M2 macrophage for sonodynamic effect promoted cell therapy of early atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases that contribute to the major morbidity worldwide, but still lacking of effective treatment strategy. Here, a hybrid cell is constructed for t...
-
Article
Open AccessNovel inhalation therapy in pulmonary fibrosis: principles, applications and prospects
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) threatens millions of people worldwide with its irreversible progression. Although the underlying pathogenesis of PF is not fully understood, there is evidence to suggest that the disea...
-
Article
Open AccessTraditional Chinese medicine inspired dual-drugs loaded inhalable nano-therapeutics alleviated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by targeting early inflammation and late fibrosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a highly debilitating and fatal chronic lung disease that is difficult to cure clinically. IPF is characterized by a gradual decline in lung function, which leads to resp...
-
Article
Open AccessImpaired autophagy-accelerated senescence of alveolar type II epithelial cells drives pulmonary fibrosis induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes
The rapid increase in production and application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has led to wide public concerns in their potential risks to human health. Single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs), as an extensively applied type...
-
Article
Open AccessNAMPT encapsulated by extracellular vesicles from young adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells treated tendinopathy in a “One-Stone-Two-Birds” manner
Tendinopathy is the leading sports-related injury and will cause severe weakness and tenderness. Effective therapy for tendinopathy remains limited, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from adipose tissue...
-
Article
Immunomodulatory hybrid bio-nanovesicle for self-promoted photodynamic therapy
Thylakoid (Tk) membranes are of unique superiority in photodynamic therapy (PDT) because they not only carry abundant chlorophylls containing photosensitizer porphyrin but also can produce O2. However, the curren...
-
Article
Synthesis of citramalic acid from glycerol by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli
Citramalic acid (citramalate) serves as a five-carbon precursor for the chemical synthesis of methacrylic acid. We compared citramalate and acetate accumulation from glycerol using Escherichia coli strains expres...
-
Article
Open AccessEliminating acetate formation improves citramalate production by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli
Citramalate, a chemical precursor to the industrially important methacrylic acid (MAA), can be synthesized using Escherichia coli overexpressing citramalate synthase (cimA gene). Deletion of gltA encoding citrate...
-
Article
Open AccessEffect of overexpressing nhaA and nhaR on sodium tolerance and lactate production in Escherichia coli
Like other bacteria, Escherichia coli must carefully regulate the intracellular concentration of sodium ion (Na+). During the bacterial production of any organic acid, cations like Na+ invariably accumulate durin...