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Production of Ethanol from Plant Biomass
The demand for bioethanol has been steadily growing over fossil fuels due to lower greenhouse gas emissions, improved energy security, and rural...
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Life Cycle Analysis on Production of Renewable Chemicals, Materials, and Energy from Oil Palm Wastes
Management of the oil palm residues is one of the most demanding hitches in the industry of palm oil. Palm oil is the main product while the most...
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Strategies for Overcoming the Inhibition of Cellulose Hydrolysis
Lignocellulosic biomass biorefinery allows the conversion of the most abundant biomass into cascades of products. Cellulose present in the...
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Mitigation of Industrial Flue Gases and Wastewaters Through Algal Biomass Cultivation: Processes and Perspectives
Global population growth, increase in product manufacturing facilities, and increasing CO2 emissions from enterprises have led to global warming....
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Biomass Attributes and Attribute Modifications Affecting Systems and Methods to Separate and Fractionate
Chemical and physical heterogeneity in biomass feedstocks such as agricultural or forestry residues is due to substantial differences in plant tissue...
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Microbial Production of Sugar Alcohols
Sugar alcohols, also known as polyols, are organic sugar derivatives and have the general formula HOCH2(CHOH)nCH2OH. These are acyclic hydrogenated...
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Biofuels from Forest Logging Residues
Forests are very large carbon sinks storing the highest density of biomass carbon and thus the biomass feedstock, necessary for biofuel production....
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Harvesting Systems for Short Rotation Coppice Crops Influence Cost, Performance, and Biomass Quality
Harvesting in short rotation coppice (SRC) systems occurs every 2–4 years with recommendations focusing on dormant season harvest. Because harvesting...
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Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass at High Solids Loading
The conversion of lignocellulosic materials into reducing sugar needs an enzymatic hydrolysis step known as saccharification and is a key...
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Dependence of Enzymatic Saccharification on the Type of Biomass and Pretreatment
Variety of agricultural crops and other forest residues form an important lignocellulosic biomass feedstock for biorefineries. However, these...
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Organosolv Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass
The utilization of organic solvents or their aqueous solutions in the selective fractionation of biomass feedstocks, commonly referred to as...
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Eulerian Simulation of a CLC Reactor
This chapter describes the application of Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid method for simulation of the flow and reactions in a dual-fluidized bed...
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Scaling Laws for CFD-DEM Simulations of CLC
In this chapter, the parcel approach and various scaling laws are described for computationally efficient simulations of CLC process using CFD-DEM....
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Database Introduction
Statistical methods should always be applied in the presence of enough amount of data. In this book, the data used have been taken gathering a...
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Statistical Analysis
It is important to discover the connections undergoing between data in order to asses complete and robust mathematical relations (Quinn et al. in...
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Substrate General Characteristics
A key point in fermentative processes is the Feedstock composition. It can be divided into two categories: biomass as inoculum or fresh inflow to the...
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Analytical and Numerical Analyses
This chapter is dedicated to modelling approaches for Tesla turbines. Initially, the main analytical approaches applicable to Tesla turbine rotors...
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Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control for Three-Level NPC Converters
Due to the high performance requirements of power converters in industrial applications, sliding mode control has drawn extensive research attention...
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General Introduction
In this chapter, an overview of the preliminary backgrounds related to the smart grid is provided. Then, the challenges and opportunities of plug-in...
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Desalination Methods
This chapter aims to cover methods, technologies, and applications of desalination systems, especially driven by renewable energy sources. Some...