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Chapter
Conflicts of Obligation
In the preceding chapters of this book, I have introduced a variety of concepts of absolute (nonconditional) obligation. Among these are individual moral obligation, individual prudential obligation, social ob...
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Chapter
A Theory of Moral Obligation
The fundamental insight behind utilitarianism is that we ought to do the best we can. I think the intuition is worthy of serious attention, but its traditional formulations are unacceptable. In order to formul...
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Chapter
Basic Iffy Oughts
Some of the most interesting and challenging puzzles concerning the logic of ‘ought’-statements have to do with “iffy oughts” —sentences that contain an ‘if’ as well as an ‘ought’ (or appropriate equivalent te...
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Chapter
Defeasible Commitment and Prima Facie Obligation
The iffy oughts of ordinary language are a logically heterogeneous group. As we have seen, a given sentence with ‘if’ and ‘ought’ may express any of several different sorts of proposition. As I see it, this fa...
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Chapter
What Ought to be
Sometimes, instead of saying that a certain person ought to do a certain thing, we may say that a certain state of affairs ought to be, or ought to occur. For example, someone who is annoyed by loud motorcycle...
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Article
Hare's proof
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Article
Obligations—Absolute, conditioned and conditional
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Article
Final comments on the analysis of Warranting
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Article
On the analysis of warranting
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Chapter
World Utilitarianism
Act utilitarianism, in some of its more popular forms, is often taken to be a perfectly straightforward doctrine. Critics of the doctrine frequently claim that, in certain cases at least, act utilitarianism is mo...
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Article
Epistemic appraisal and the Cartesian Circle
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Chapter
Biogenetic Autonomy of Mitochondria and Its Limits
The past ten years have seen such an almost explosive growth of efforts devoted to studies on mitochondrial biogenesis that they occupy at least as much contemporary journal space as do studies on mitochondria...
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Article
Kripke's argument against materialism