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Experimental methods in corrosion research

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Abstract

Experimental procedures for investigation of both thermodynamic and kinetic as well as mechanistic aspects of corrosion of metals are described and illustrated with practical examples. Particular attention is paid to electrochemical procedures also suitable for determining relative stability of materials, annual loss of material, efficiency of corrosion inhibitors and influence of numerous environmental effects preferably in situ, in vitro and even in vivo.

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Notes

  1. Frequently the part „solution“ is omitted because the writer assumes this to be not necessary. Molten salts, solid electrolytes and more recently ionic liquids suggest otherwise, consequently in this text solution is used.

  2. The frequently elsewhere imprecise use of the term „reversible electrode potential“ is in most cases correct here.

  3. For some methods popular names and/or acronyms are widespread, but there appears to be no standardization.

  4. Elsewhere this electrode potential is sometimes also called breakdown potential.

  5. WIRON99 and N/P2 are names of commercial alloys and protected trademarks. Details on the alloys are provided in the quoted references.

  6. ηct is the charge transfer overpotential whereas η is the total overpotential, i.e. the difference between the rest potential and the electrode potential actually established at the working electrode: η = E – E0. Only η can be adjusted experimentally by setting E.

  7. The part·dec−1 is frequently omitted.

  8. The slope must be a positive value, the popular semilogarithmic display may erroneously suggest otherwise.

  9. Because rather small currents will be measured the capacitive current component must be kept in mind. At slow scan rates this (charging) double layer current becomes smaller and causes a smaller error.

  10. In battery studies frequently the cell impedance is measured with the complete battery, i.e. in a two electrode arrangement. Unfortunately in subsequent evaluation the interpretation suggests that only an electrode impedance has been measured, i.e. one electrode impedance is completely ignored.

  11. In his original report Randles assigned a series connection of Rr und C r to the electrode reaction in the equivalent circuit, this was later simplified into the charge transfer resistance Rct.

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Acknowledgements

Preparation of this report has been supported in various ways by the Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation, Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, National Basic Research Program of China, and Natural Science Foundation of China.

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  1. Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (MoE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Xuan **e

  2. Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Chemnitz, AG Elektrochemie, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany

    Rudolf Holze

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  1. Xuan **e
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Correspondence to Rudolf Holze.

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**e, X., Holze, R. Experimental methods in corrosion research. ChemTexts 4, 5 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40828-018-0057-0

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