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CO2 mineralization using basic oxygen furnace slag: process optimization by response surface methodology

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Abstract

The basic oxygen furnace steelmaking slag (SL) is employed for CO2 mineralization. Response surface methodology and the central composite design were employed in determining the optimal condition. The optimization goal in this paper has been set for maximum CO2 capturing. It was found that the reaction temperature and CO2 pressure and their combination were significant. A quadratic model was developed for process optimization and statistical experimental designs. The CO2 capture capacity could reach 126 g CO2/kg SL at optimal condition. The increased reaction temperature will lead to an obvious decrease of CaCO3 and increase of MgCO3. If deployed, this optimized indirect CO2 mineral sequestration process could permanently capture 252,000 tons of CO2 per annum based upon current 2 million tons of SL productivity per annum.

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Abbreviations

\( a \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

\( a^{*} \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

\( A_{0} \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

\( b \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

\( B_{0} \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

\( c \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

\( C_{0} \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

\( d_{0} \) :

Intercept coefficient (−)

\( d_{i} \) :

Linear coefficient (−)

\( d_{ii} \) :

Quadratic coefficient (−)

\( f \) :

CO2 fugacity (Mpa)

\( P \) :

Pressure (Mpa)

\( R \) :

Pressure gases constant (0.00831 kJ mol−1 K−1)

\( T \) :

Temperature (K)

\( V_{{{\text{CO}}_{ 2} }} \) :

CO2 volume (m−3)

\( X_{i} \) :

Independent variables (−)

\( Y \) :

Predicted response (%)

\( z \) :

Compressed factor (−)

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

CCD:

Central composite design

RSM:

Response surface methodology

\( \phi \) :

Fugacity coefficient (−)

\( \alpha \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

\( \alpha^{*} \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

\( \rho \) :

Fluid density (mol m−3)

\( \gamma \) :

Benedict–Webb–Rubin coefficient (−)

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Acknowledgments

The in-kind contribution from Anpeng High-Tech Alkaline Production Co., Ltd., is highly appreciated. Authors would also like to express appreciation for Professor Yoshihiko Ninomiya at Chubu University of Japan for the reference material analysis by XRF and XRD. The critical comments from three anonymous reviewers in significantly improving the quality of this paper are highly appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia

    Yong Sun & Lai-Chang Zhang

  2. National Engineering Laboratory of Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei**g, 100190, China

    Gang Yang

  3. School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia

    Kevin Li

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia

    Lian Zhang

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  1. Yong Sun
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Correspondence to Yong Sun.

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Sun, Y., Yang, G., Li, K. et al. CO2 mineralization using basic oxygen furnace slag: process optimization by response surface methodology. Environ Earth Sci 75, 1335 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-6147-7

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