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Transient Mold Fluid Flow with Well- and Mountain-Bottom Nozzles in Continuous Casting of Steel

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Abstract

Nozzle shape plays a key role in determining the flow pattern in the mold of the continuous- casting process under both steady-state and transient conditions. This work applies computational models and experiments with a one-third scale water model to characterize flow in the nozzle and mold to evaluate well-bottom and mountain-bottom nozzle performance. Velocities predicted with the three-dimensional k-ε turbulence model agree with both particle- image velocimetry and impeller measurements in the water model. The steady-state jet velocity and angle leaving the ports is similar for the two nozzle-bottom designs. However, the results show that nozzles with a mountain-shaped bottom are more susceptible to problems from asymmetric flow, low-frequency surface-flow variations, and excessive surface velocities. The same benefits of the well-bottom nozzle are predicted for flow in the steel caster.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Young-** Jeon and Professor Hyung-** Sung, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST (South Korea), and Seong-Mook Cho, POSTECH (South Korea), for help with the PIV measurements. They also thank POSCO, Oh-Duck Kwon, Shin-Eon Kang, and POSCO Technical Research Laboratories for relevant data and providing the water model and ANSYS Inc. for supplying FLUENT. Support from the Continuous Casting Consortium, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, POSCO, South Korea (Grant No. 4.0002397.01) and the National Science Foundation (Grant No. DMI 05-00453) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    R. Chaudhary (Graduate Student) & B.G. Thomas (Wilkins Professor of Mechanical Engineering)

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, South Korea

    Go-Gi Lee (Graduate Student) & Seon-Hyo Kim (Professor)

Authors
  1. R. Chaudhary
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  2. Go-Gi Lee
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  3. B.G. Thomas
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  4. Seon-Hyo Kim
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Correspondence to B.G. Thomas.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted July 17, 2008.

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Chaudhary, R., Lee, GG., Thomas, B. et al. Transient Mold Fluid Flow with Well- and Mountain-Bottom Nozzles in Continuous Casting of Steel. Metall Mater Trans B 39, 870–884 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-008-9192-0

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