SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of nickel incorporation on structural, optical and electrical characteristics of SILAR synthesized CuO thin films

  • Original Paper: Functional coatings, thin films and membranes (including deposition techniques)
  • Published:
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this report, we have primarily studied the influence of nickel (Ni) incorporation on ac electrical conductivity, dielectric relaxation mechanism and impedance spectroscopy characteristics of copper oxide (CuO) thin films synthesized by successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique. The materials has been characterized using X-ray diffraction and UV–VIS spectrophotometric measurements. Reduction in grain size in doped films up to a certain extent of do** (tentatively 6%) were confirmed from XRD analysis, beyond which there is a reverse tendency. Increase in band gap in doped films were observed up to 6% do** level which could be associated with enhanced carrier density in doped films. Impedance spectroscopy analysis confirmed enhancement of ac conductivity and dielectric constant for doped samples. The results are useful for capacitive application of the films. Beyond 6% do** level, AC conductivity and dielectric constant shows a reverse tendency indicating reduced density of charge carriers. Nyquist plot shows contribution of both grain and grain boundary towards total resistance and capacitance. Imaginary part of complex modulus and imaginary part of complex impedance was used to find the migration/activation energy to electrical conduction process. Nearly identical result was obtained from relaxation frequency/relaxation time approach suggesting hop** mechanism of charge carriers.

Highlights

  • Successful incorporation of Ni in CuO thin film through SILAR technique.

  • Reduction of grain size and enhancement of band gap up to 6% Ni incorporation.

  • Enhancement of ac conductivity and dielectric constant up to 6% Ni incorporation.

  • Reverse tends in structural, optical and electrical characteristics beyond a certain do** level.

  • Contribution of both grain and grain boundary towards total resistance and capacitance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Han K, Tao M (2009) Electrochemically deposited p–n homojunction cuprous oxide solar cells. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 93:153–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Steinhauer S, Brunet E, Maier T, Mutinati G, Kock A, Freudenberg O, Gspan C, Grogger W, Neuhold A, Resel R (2013) Gas sensing properties of novel CuO nanowire devices. Sens Actuators B 187:50–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Katti V, Debnath A, Muthe K, Kaur M, Dua A, Gadkari S, Gupta S, Sahni V (2003) Mechanism of drifts in H2S sensing properties of SnO2: CuO composite thin film sensors prepared by thermal evaporation. Sens Actuators B 96:245–252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Zoolfakar AS, Ahmad MZ, Rani RA, Ou JZ, Balendhran S, Zhuiykov S, Latham K, Wlodarski W, Zadeh KK (2013) Nanostructured copper oxides as ethanol vapour sensors. Sens Actuators B 185:620–627

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Zheng X, Xu C, Tomokiyo Y, Tanaka E, Yamada H, Soejima Y (2000) Observation of charge stripes in cupric oxide. Phys Rev Lett 85:5170–5173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Tokura Y, Takagi H, Uchida S (1989) A superconducting copper oxide compound with electrons as the charge carriers. Nature 337:345–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Fan H, Yang L, Hua W, Wu X, Wu Z, **e S, Zou B (2014) Controlled synthesis of monodispersed CuO nanocrystals. Nanotechnology 15:37–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Jayakrishnan R, Kurian AS, Nair VG, Joseph (2016) MR effect of vacuum annealing on the photoconductivity of CuO thin films grown using sequential ionic layer adsorption reaction. Mater Chem Phys 180:149–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Yousef A, Barakat NA, Amna T, Al-Deyab SS, Hassan MS, Hay AA, Kim HY (2012) Inactivation of pathogenic Klebsiella pneumonia by CuO/TiO2 nanofibers: a multifunctional nanomaterial via one-step electrospinning. Ceram Int 38:4525–4532

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Khmissi H, Sayed AME, Shaban M (2016) Structural, morphological, optical properties and wettability of spin-coated copper oxide; influences of film thickness, Ni, and (La, Ni) co-do**. J Mater Sci 51:5924–5938

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wang C, Fu XQ, Xue XY, Wang YG, Wang TH (2007) Surface accumulation conduction controlled sensing characteristic of p-type CuO nanorods induced by oxygen adsorption. Nanotechnology 18:145506–145510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Sonia S, Annsi IJ, Suresh PS, Mangalaraj D, Viswanathan C, Ponpandian N (2015) Hydrothermal synthesis of novel Zn doped CuO nanoflowers as an efficient photo degradation material for textile dyes. Mater Lett 144:127–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Chand P, Gaur A, Kumar A, Kumar UG (2014) Structural and optical study of Li doped CuO thin films on Si (100) substrate deposited by pulsed laser deposition. Appl Surf Sci 307:280–286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Bayansal F, Gulen Y, Sahin B, Kahraman S, Cetinkara H (2015) CuO nanostructures grown by the SILAR method: influence of Pb-do** on the morphological, structural and optical properties. J Alloy Compd 619:378–382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Basith NM, Vijaya JJ, Kennedy LJ, Bououdina M (2013) Structural, optical and room-temperature ferromagnetic properties of Fe-doped CuO nanostructures. Phys E 53:193–199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Baturay S, Tombak A, Kaya D, Ocak YS, Tokus M, Aydemir M, Kilicoglu T (2016) Modification of electrical and optical properties of CuO thin films by Ni do**. J Sol–Gel Sci Technol 78:422–429

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Ha JW, Oh J, Choi H, Ryu H, Lee WJ, Bae JS (2018) Photoelectrochemical properties of Ni-doped CuO nanorods grown using the modified chemical bath deposition method. J Ind Eng Chem 58:38–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Murali DS, Kumar S, Choudhary RJ, Wadikar AD, Jain MK, Subrahmanyam A (2015) Synthesis of Cu2O from CuO thin films: Optical and electrical properties. AIP Adv 5:047143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Zhang H, Zhang M (2008) Synthesis of CuO nanocrystalline and their application as electrode materials for capacitors. Mat Chem Phys 108:184–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Mukherjee A, Satpati B, Bhattacharyya SR, Ghosh R, Mitra P (2015) Synthesis of nanocrystalline CdS thin film by SILAR and their characterization. Phys E 65:51–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Serin N, Serin T, Horzum S, Celik Y (2005) Annealing effects on the properties of copper oxide thin films prepared by chemical deposition. Semicond Sci Technol 20:398–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Baskaran N, Govindaraj G, Narayanasamy A (1997) Charge transport mechanism in pressed pellets of polymer proton conductors. Solid State Ion 98:217–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Ghosh P, Bhowmik RN, Das MR, Mitra P (2017) Electrical conductivity and magnetic field dependent current-voltage characteristics of nanocrystalline nickel ferrite. Phys E 88:218–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Lutterotti L, Scardi P, Maistrelli P (1992) LSI—a computer program for simultaneous refinement of material structure and microstructure. J Appl Crystallogr 25:459–462

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Rietveld HM (1967) Line profiles of neutron powder-diffraction peaks for structure refinement. Acta Crystallogr 22:151–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Rietveld HM (1969) A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures. J Appl Crystallogr 2:65–71

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Lutterotti L, Maud Version 2.30. http://www.ing.unitn.it/_maud/05.05.2011

  28. Sain S, Patra S, Pradhan SK (2012) Quickest ever single step mechanosynthesis of Cd0.5Zn0.5S quantum dots: nanostructure and optical characterization. Mat Res Bull 47:1062–1072

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Balamurugan B, Mehta BR (2001) Optical and structural properties of nanocrystalline copper oxide thin films prepared by activated reactive evaporation. Thin Solid Films 396:90–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Sayed AM, Morsi WM (2013) Dielectric relaxation and optical properties of polyvinyl chloride/lead monoxide nanocomposites. Polym Compos 34:2031–2039

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Basith NM, Vijaya JJ, Kennedy LJ, Bououdina M (2014) Structural, morphological, optical, and magnetic properties of Ni-doped CuO nanostructures prepared by a rapid microwave combustion method. Mater Sci Semicond Proc 17:110–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Burstein E (1954) Anomalous optical absorption limit in InSb. Phys Rev 93:632

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Mondal S, Bhattacharyya SR, Mitra P (2013) Effect of Al do** on microstructure and optical band gap of ZnO thin film synthesized by successive ion layer adsorption and reaction. Pramana J Phys 80:315–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Yakuphanoglu F (2011) Preparation of nanostructure Ni doped CdO thin films by sol gel spin coating method. J Sol–Gel Sci Technol 59:569–573

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Yildiz A, Horzum S, Serin N, Serin T (2014) Hop** conduction in in-doped CuO thin films. Appl Surf Sci 318:105–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Peng Y, Zhang Z, Pham TV, Zhao Y, Wu P (2012) Density functional theory analysis of dopants in cupric oxide. J Appl Phys 111:103708

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Isherwood PJM, Walls JM (2014) Cupric oxide-based p-type transparent conductors. Energy Procedia 60:129–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Kumar G, Sharma S, Kotnala RK, Shah J, Shirsath SE, Batoo KM, Singh M (2013) Electric, dielectric and ac electrical conductivity study of nanocrystalline cobalt substituted Mg–Mn ferrites synthesized via solution combustion technique. J Mol Struct 1051:336–344

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Darwish AAA, Nahass MME, Bekheet AE (2014) AC electrical conductivity and dielectric studies on evaporated nanostructured InSe thin films. J Alloy Compd 586:142–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Ram M (2010) Role of grain boundary in transport properties of LiCo3/5Mn2/5VO4 ceramics. Phys B 405:602–605

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

One of the authors (MRD) acknowledges University Grants Commission (UGC), India for providing Junior Research Fellowship (Ref. No. 21/12/2014(ii)EU-V) during the work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India

    Mahima Ranjan Das & Partha Mitra

Authors
  1. Mahima Ranjan Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Partha Mitra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Partha Mitra.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Das, M.R., Mitra, P. Influence of nickel incorporation on structural, optical and electrical characteristics of SILAR synthesized CuO thin films. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 87, 59–73 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4711-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4711-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation