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Effects of dietary phospholipid level in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) larvae: growth, survival, plasma lipids and enzymes of lipid metabolism

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Abstract

A study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary phospholipid (PL) levels in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) larvae with regard to growth, survival, plasma lipids and enzymes of lipid metabolism. Fish with an average weight of 0.4 g were fed diets containing four levels of PL (0, 20, 40 and 80 g kg−1dry matter: purity 97%) for 42 days. Final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG) and survival ratio were highest in the 8% PL diet group and mortality was highest in PL-free diet group. We examined the activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) in liver, lecithin-cholesterolacyltransferase (LCAT) in plasma as well as plasma lipids and lipoprotein. LCAT activity showed a decrease of more than two-fold in PL-supplemented diet groups compared with the PL-free diet group. HL activity was highest in the 8% PL diet group and the other three groups showed no difference. LPL activity was significantly higher in the PL-supplemented diet groups than in the PL-free diet group. The dietary intervention significantly increased plasma phospholipids and total cholesterol (TC) levels, and the higher free cholesterol (FC) level contributed to the TC level. However, the fish fed PL exhibited a significantly decreased plasma triglyceride (TG) level. The lipoprotein fractions were also affected significantly by the PL. The PL-supplemented diet groups had significantly higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) compared with the PL-free diet group, but showed a marked decrease in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). The results suggested that PL could modify plasma lipoprotein metabolism and lipid profile, and that the optimal dietary PL level may well exceed 80 g kg−1 for cobia larvae according to growth and survival.

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Abbreviations

FBW:

Final body weight

FC:

Free cholesterol

HDL:

High-density lipoprotein

HL:

Hepatic lipase

IBW:

Initial body weight

LCAT:

Lecithin-cholesterolacyltransferase

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

LPL:

Lipoprotein lipase

PC:

Phosphatidylcholine

PL:

Phospholipids

TC:

Total cholesterol

TG:

Triglyceride

VLDL:

Very low-density lipoprotein

WG:

Weight gain

DHA:

22:6n−3

EPA:

20:5n−3

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the financial support of grant No. 2001DA505D/06 from the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) during the 10th 5-year plan, China, and to the co-workers for their help in sampling. Special thanks go to teacher C.B. Li for her help in the analysis of the plasma index.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 **n’gang ** Road, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China

    J. Niu, Y. J. Liu, L. X. Tian, H. J. Yang, C. X. Ye & Y. Zhu

  2. Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P.R. China

    K. S. Mai

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  1. J. Niu
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  2. Y. J. Liu
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Correspondence to Y. J. Liu.

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Niu, J., Liu, Y.J., Tian, L.X. et al. Effects of dietary phospholipid level in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) larvae: growth, survival, plasma lipids and enzymes of lipid metabolism. Fish Physiol Biochem 34, 9–17 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-007-9140-y

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