Abstract
Wetlands are among the most diverse environments on the planet and are strongly threatened by human activities. Their restoration and/or mitigation of human impacts, therefore, relies on information that can aid to the management of impacted wetlands so that they return to a (semi-) natural state. We investigate in this study the relationship between dormant stages of zooplankton and clay removal in areas subjected to mining. We evaluate whether a gradual increase in topsoil addition from donor natural wetlands to the sediment of mined wetlands influenced the zooplankton community. Eight wetlands were sampled in the Sinos River floodplain, four natural and four mined. In the laboratory, four field sediment samples were incubated for zooplankton hatching in five treatments comprising sediments from: mined wetlands, natural wetlands, and three treatments containing mined sediments added with low (5%), medium (20%) and high (40%) quantities of sediment from natural wetlands. Hatching consisted of 61 individuals distributed across eight zooplankton taxa. Copepod nauplii were the most abundant (31.1%) followed by Epiphanes sp. (29.5%) and Ovalona glabra (16.4%). While natural wetlands provided 42.6% of the hatched zooplankton, mined wetlands had just 6.5%. Zooplankton richness and abundance were higher in natural wetland sediments compared with mined and added sediment wetlands. To some degree, the sediment soil donation from natural to mined wetlands was considered viable. As long as prior studies are performed to test the size and quality of the dormant banks present in the sediment of candidate donor wetlands, sediment from donor wetlands may aid in the establishment of a more diverse community in disturbed systems.
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Data availability statement
Data will be made available on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
This study was funded by CNPq—Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—(305475/2018-5) and UNISINOS. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Cristina Stenert and Leonardo Maltchik hold CNPq Research Productivity grants. CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) granted a Ph.D. scholarship to Daiane Vendramin. Leonardo F.B. Moreira is a Visiting Professor at UFMT and Elvio S. F. Medeiros is an Adjunct Professor at UEPB. Allana G. Piu, Ana Emília B. Schneider, Lidiane Martins and Pedro Henrique O. Hoffmann are undergraduate students at UNISINOS.
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LM and CS conceived the idea, sampling design, and led the writing of the manuscript. DV organized the field and laboratory work, carried out the statistical analyses, and drafted the manuscript. AGP, AEBS, LM, and PHOH participated in the laboratory work. ESFM and LFBM revised the statistical analyses and the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Vendramin, D., Piu, A.G., Schneider, A.E.B. et al. Can the use of zooplankton dormant stages from natural wetlands contribute to restoration of mined wetlands?. Aquat Ecol 55, 681–693 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-021-09854-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-021-09854-5