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Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on Plant Growth, Photosynthesis, Leaf Histology and Rubisco Gene Expression of the Ficus deltoidea Jack Var. deltoidea Jack

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Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the growth, photosynthesis, leaf histology, mineral uptake, phytochemical accumulation, and Rubisco gene expression in Ficus deltoidea var. deltoidea, a slow growing medicinal plant. The F. deltoidea plants were spray-treated with 0 (control), 8, 16, 30 and 60 mM H2O2 under field conditions. The results showed that the applications of 30 mM H2O2 increased the plant height, leaf number, and syconium number by 26%, 9% and 2275%, respectively, over the control specimen. Photosynthetic rates, transpiration, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content of F. deltoidae plants increased significantly after treatment of 30 mM H2O2. A lower concentration (8 and 16 mM) of H2O2 also improved the leaf histological properties such as tracheary elements and other vascular cells. In addition, treatments with 30 mM H2O2 increased calcium, potassium, total phenolic and flavonoids content, in F. deltoidea plants, by 14%, 15%, 12% and 72%, respectively. In addition, H2O2 treatment at 30 mM concentration downregulated the Rubisco gene with a between 1 and 5 times fold gene expression change. From this study, it can be concluded that spraying with 30 and 16 mM of H2O2 once a week enhanced growth, photosynthesis, mineral accumulation, phenol and flavonoid content, as well as aided Rubisco gene expression, under field conditions.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the KPT Grant (Project code: FRGS/2/2014/SG03/UNISZA/02/1). Authors would like to thank Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) for supporting this project and Mr Anuar McAfee for the English editing of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Agriculture Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia

    Nik Nurnaeimah Nik Muhammad Nasir, Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker, Khamsah Suryati Mohd, Noor Afiza Badaluddin & Nashriyah Mat

  2. Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Normaniza Osman

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  1. Nik Nurnaeimah Nik Muhammad Nasir
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  2. Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker
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  3. Khamsah Suryati Mohd
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  4. Noor Afiza Badaluddin
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  5. Normaniza Osman
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  6. Nashriyah Mat
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Contributions

Data curation, analysis and writing original draft, NNNMN; Conceptualisation, methodology, funding acquisition, writing, review, editing and supervision, MMK; Review, editing and validation, KSM; Lab facilities and editing, NAB; Statistical analysis and editing, NO; Review, editing and supervision, NM.

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Correspondence to Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker.

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Nik Muhammad Nasir, N.N., Khandaker, M.M., Mohd, K.S. et al. Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on Plant Growth, Photosynthesis, Leaf Histology and Rubisco Gene Expression of the Ficus deltoidea Jack Var. deltoidea Jack. J Plant Growth Regul 40, 1950–1971 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10243-9

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