Abstract
Selenium is a trace element necessary for the growth of organisms. Moreover, selenium supplementation can improve the immunity and fertility of the body, as well as its ability to resist oxidation, tumors, heavy metals, and pathogenic microorganisms. However, owing to the duality of selenium, excessive selenium supplementation can cause certain toxic effects on the growth and development of the body and may even result in death in severe cases. At present, increasing attention is being paid to the development and utilization of selenium as a micronutrient, but its potential toxicity tends to be neglected. This study systematically reviews recent research on the toxicological effects of selenium, aiming to provide theoretical references for selenium toxicology-related research and theoretical support for the development of selenium-containing drugs, selenium-enriched dietary supplements, and selenium-enriched foods.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- ABA:
-
Abscisic acid
- AIDS:
-
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- GSH-Px:
-
Glutathione peroxidase
- Nano-Se:
-
Nano-selenium
- MDA:
-
Malondialdehyde
- SOD:
-
Superoxide dismutase
- CAT:
-
Catalase
- POD:
-
Peroxidase
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- SDG:
-
Selenodiglutathione
References
Adel Z, Lytle CM (1998) Accumulation and volatilization of different chemical species of selenium by plant. Planta 206(2):284–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004250050402
Aghwan ZA, Sazili AQ, Kadhim KK et al (2016) Effects of dietary supplementation of selenium and iodine on growth performance, carcass characteristics and histology of thyroid gland in goats. Anim Sci J 87(5):690–696. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12484
Ahsan U, Kamran Z, Raza I et al (2014) Role of selenium in male reproduction—a review. Anim Reprod Sci 146:55–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.01.009
Allarabi H, Fadayifar A, Alimohamady R et al (2019) The effect of maternal supplementation of zinc, selenium, and cobalt as slow-release ruminal bolus in late pregnancy on some bloodmetabolites and performance of ewes and their lambs. Biol Trace Elem Res 187(2):403–410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-018-1409-8
Arvy MP (1993) Selenate and selenite uptake and translocation in bean plant. J Exp Bot 44(6):1083–1087. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/44.6.1083
Awasthi YC, Beutler E, Srivastava SK (1975) Purification and properties of human erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J Biol Chem 250(13):5144–5149. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01648966
Beck MA, Kolbeck PC, Shi Q et al (1994) Increased virulence of a human enterovirus (coxsackievirus B3) in selenium-deficient mice. J Infect Dis 170(2):351–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/170.2.351
Beheshti N, Soflaei S, Shakibaie M et al (2013) Efficacy of biogenic selenium nanoparticles against Leishmania major: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Trace Elem Med Biol 27(3):203–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.11.002
Benton D, Cook R (1990) Selenium supplementation improves mood in a double-blind crossover trial. Psychopharmacology 102(4):549–550. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02247139
Berzelius JJ (1817) Lettre de M. Berzelius a M. Berthollet sur deux metaux nouveaux. Ann Chim Phys 7:199–207
Bjørklund G, Aaseth J, Ajsuvakova OP et al (2017) Molecular interaction between mercury and selenium in neurotoxicity. Coord Chem Rev 332:30–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2016.10.009
Biswas S, Talukder G, Sharma A (2000) Chromosome damage induced by selenium salts in human peripheral. Toxicol In Vitro 14:405–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0887-2333(00)00040-0
Brahser AM, Ogle S (1993) Comparative toxicity of selenite and selenate to the amphipod Hyalella azteca. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 24(2):182–186. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01141346
Broome CS, Ardle FM, Kyle JAM et al (2004) An increase in selenium intake improves immune function and poliovirus handling in adults with marginal selenium status. Am J Clin Nutr 80(1):154–162. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/80.1.154
Brown KM, Arthur JR (2001) Selenium selenoproteins and human health: a review. Public Health Nutr 4(2B):593–599. https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN2001143
Cao DD, Meng TT, Shu XG et al (2017) Research progress on absorption and metabolism of selenium in animals. J Zhongkai Univ Agric Eng 30(4):66–70. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-5663.2017.04.012 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Carlson BA, Yoo MH, Shrimali RK et al (2010) Role of selenium- containing proteins in T-cell and macrophage function. Proc Nutr Soc 69(3):300–310. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002966511000176X
Carson DA, Ribeiro JM (1993) Apoptosis and disease. Lancet 341(8855):1251–1254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)91154-E
Chang C, Yin R, Zhang H et al (2019) Bioaccumulation and health risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil–rice system in a typical seleniferous area in central China. Environ Toxicol Chem 38:1577–1584. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4443
Chen S, Hou ZZ (2015) Effects of subacute selenium poisoning on testicular cell structure in mice. Anim Husb Vet Med 47(8):97–100 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Chen C, Liu Y, Zhou J et al (1997) Microcalorimetric study of the toxic effect of selenium on the mitochondrial metabolism of Cyprinus carpio liver. Biol Trace Elem Res 60(1–2):115–122. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02783314
Cheng ZK, Zhi XG, Sun G et al (2016) Sodium selenite suppresses hepatitis B virus transcription and replication in human hepatoma cell lines. J Med Virol 88(4):653–663. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.24366
Choy WN, Henika PR, Willhite CC et al (1993) Incorporation of a micronucleus study into a developmental toxicology and pharmacokinetic study of L-selenomethionine in nonhuman primates. Environ Mol Mutagen 21(1):73–80. https://doi.org/10.1002/em.2850210110
Cihalova K, Chudobova D, Michalek P et al (2015) Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA growth and biofilm formation after treatment with antibiotics and SeNPs. Int J Mol Sci 16(10):24656–24672. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161024656
Dagmar C, Kristyna C, Simona D et al (2014) Comparison of the effects of silver phosphate and selenium nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus growth reveals potential for selenium particles to prevent infection. FEMS Microbiol Lett 351(2):195–201. https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6968.12353
Daniels RL (1996) Selenium metabolism and bioavailability. Biol Trace Elem Res 54(3):185–199. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02784430
De Miranda JX, Andrade FO, de Conti A et al (2014) Effects of selenium compounds on proliferation and epigenetic marks of breast cancer cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 28(4):486–491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.06.017
De Souza MP, Lytle CM, Mulholland MM et al (2000) Selenium assimilation and volatilization from dimethyselenoniopropionate by Indian mustard. Plant Physiol 122(4):1281–1288. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.122.4.1281
Deagen J, Butler JA, Beilstein MA et al (1987) Effects of dietary selenite, selenocystine and selenomethionine on selenocysteine lyase and glutathione peroxidase activities and on selenium levels in rat tissues. J Nutr 117(1):91–98. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/117.1.91
Dkhil MA, Bauomy AA, Diab MSM et al (2016) Protective role of selenium nanoparticles against Schistosoma mansoni induced hepatic injury in mice. Biomed Res 27(1):214–219
Ekermans LG, Schneider JV (1982) Selenium in livestock production: a review. J S Afr Vet Assoc 53(4):223–228
Eskil H, Sten-Olof J (1966) Uptake of [75Se] selenomethionine in the tissues of the mouse studied by whole-body autoradiography. BBA Gen Subj 115(2):285–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4165(66)90427-2
Fan AM, Kizer KW (1990) Selenium: nutritional, toxicologic, and clinical aspects. West J Med 153(2):160–167. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.161.343
Forootanfar H, Adeli-Sardou M, Nikkhoo M et al (2014) Antioxidant and cytotoxic effect of biologically synthesized selenium nanoparticles in comparison to selenium dioxide. J Trace Elem Med Biol 28(1):75–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2013.07.005
Franke KW (1934a) A new toxicant occurring naturally in certain samples of plant foodstuffs: I. Results obtained in preliminary feeding trials: eight figures. J Nutr 8(5):597–608. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/8.5.597
Franke KW (1934b) A new toxicant occurring naturally in certain samples of plant foodstuffs: II. The occurrence of the toxicant in the protein fraction: four figures. J Nutr 8(5):609–613. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/8.5.609
Gao XY, Zhang JS, Zhang LD et al (2003) The role of nano red element selenium in inhibiting tumors and improving immune function. Chin J Public Health 19(3):309–310. https://doi.org/10.11847/zgggws2003-19-03-30 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Garousi F (2017) The essentiality of selenium for humans, animals, and plants, and the role of selenium in plant metabolism and physiology. Acta Univ Sapientiae Alimentaria 10(1):75–90. https://doi.org/10.1515/ausal-2017-0005
Gladyshev VN, Martin-Romero FJ, Xu XM et al (1999) Molecular biology of selenium and its role in cancer, AIDS and other human diseases. Recent Res Dev Biochem 1:145–167
Goldhaber SB (2003) Trace element risk assessment: essentiality vs. toxicity. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 38(2):232–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0273-2300(02)00020-x
Gu QP, **a YM, Ha PC et al (1998) Distribution of selenium between plasma fractions in guinea pigs and humans with various intakes of dietary selenium. J Trace Elem Med Biol 12(1):8–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0946-672X(98)80015-1
Guisbiers G, Wang Q, Khachatryan E (2016) Inhibition of E. coli and S. aureus with selenium nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in deionized water. Int J Nanomed 11:3731–3736. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S106289
Guisbiers G, Lara H, Mendoza-Cruz R et al (2017) Inhibition of Candida albicans biofilm by pure selenium nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquids. Nanomed Nanotechnol Biol Med 13(3):1095–1103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2016.10.011
Habibian M, Sadeghi G, Ghazi S et al (2015) Selenium as a feed supplement for heat-stressed poultry: a review. Biol Trace Elem Res 165(2):183–193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-015-0275-x
Hamilton JW, Beath OA (2002) Selenium in vegetables, amount and chemical form of selenium in vegetable plants. J Agric Food Chem 12(4):371–374. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60134a018
Han Y, Hou ZZ (2012) Studies on toxic effects of Sodium selentite on female reproductive system. Chin J Vet Med 48(7):8–10. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0529-6005.2012.07.002 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Han XX, Yao ZW, Wei HY (2016) Advances in the study of toxicity biology of selenium. Jiangsu Agric Sci 44(12):24–28. https://doi.org/10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2016.12.006 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Harrison PR, Lanfear J, Wu L et al (1997) Chemopreventive and growth inhibitory effects of selenium. Biomed Environ Sci 10(2–3):235–245
He JP, Zhang JX, Hou YP (2002) Study on the effect of excess selenium on the structure of testicular tissue and cell of breeder rooster by using electron microscopic. J Chin Electron Microsc Soc 21(5):511–512. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-6281.2002.05.023 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Hosnedlova B, Kepinska M, Skalickova S et al (2017) A summary of new findings on the biological effects of selenium in selected animal species—a critical review. Int J Mol Sci 18(10):2209–2255. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102209
Hou D, Yang LF, Yu TL (2018) Selenium content of konjac in different soil environment. J Hubei Univ Nat Sci 34(2):202–207. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-2375.2012.02.020 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Hu XR, Wang LX, Xu PY et al (2004) The toxic interaction of mercuric chloride and sodium selenite to rats. Chem Res Appl 16(3):317–319. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-1656.2004.03.006 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Hu CH, Li YL, **ong L et al (2012) Comparative effects of nano elemental selenium and sodium selenite on selenium retention in broiler chickens. Anim Feed Sci Technol 177(3–4):204–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.08.010
Huang S (2006) Biological activity of selenium and related diseases. B Biol 41(3):17–19 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Huang KH, Chen WF (1996) Effect of selenium on chicken’s resistance to Marek’s disease and its mechanism. Chin J Anim Vet Sci 26(5):448–455 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Huang FY, Zhang RL, Zhang QW et al (2014) Effect of selenomethionine and sodium selenite on proliferation of EV71 in vitro and in vivo. Chin Trop Med 14(7):792–794, 868. https://doi.org/10.13604/j.cnki.46-1064/r.2014.07.053 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Hughes CM, Woodside JV, Gartland CM et al (2012) Nutritional intake and oxidative stress in chronic heart failure. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 22(4):376–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2010.08.006
Hwang DY, Seo SJ, Kim YK et al (2007) Selenium acts as an insulin-like molecule for the down-regulation of diabetic symptoms via endoplasmic reticulum stress and insulin signalling proteins in diabetes-induced non-obese diabetic mice. J Biosci 32(4):723–735. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-007-0072-6
Hybsier S, Schulz T, Wu Z et al (2017) Sex-specific and inter-individual differences in bio-markers of selenium status identified by a calibrated ELISA for selenoprotein P. Redox Biol 11:403–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.025
Iglesias P, Selgas R, Romero S et al (2013) Selenium and kidney disease. J Nephrol 26(2):266–272. https://doi.org/10.5301/jn.5000213
Jaspers I, Hang W, Brighton LE et al (2007) Selenium deficiency alters epithelial cell morphology and responses to influenza. Free Radic Biol Med 42(12):1826–1837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.03.017
Jia X, Li N, Chen J (2005) A subchronic toxicity study of elemental Nano-Se in Sprague-Dawley rats. Life Sci 76(17):1989–2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2004.09.026
Ju W, Ji M, Li X et al (2018) Relationship between higher serum selenium level and adverse blood lipid profile. Clin Nutr 37(5):1512–1517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2017.08.025
Kajander EO, Harvima RJ, Eloranta TO et al (1991) Metabolism, cellular actions, and cytotoxicity of selenomethionine in cultured cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 28(1):57–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02990463
Kang ST (2009) Nutritional research progress of trace element selenium. China Anim Husb Vet Med 36(1):34–37 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Khiralla GM, El-Deeb BA (2015) Antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of selenium nanoparticles on some foodborne pathogens. LWT Food Sci Technol 63(2):1001–1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.03.086
Kim YS, Jhon DY, Lee KY (2004) Involvement of ROS and JNK1 in selenite-induced apoptosis in Chang liver cells. Exp Mol Med 36:157–164. https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.2004.22
Kohshahi AJ, Sourinejad I, Sarkheil M et al (2019) Dietary co-supplementation with curcumin and different selenium sources (nanaoparticulate, organic, and inorganic selenium): influence on growth performance, body composition, immune responses, and glutathione peroxidase activity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Physiol Biochem 45(2):793–804. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-018-0585-y
Kommisrud E, Østerås O, Vatn T (2005) Blood selenium associated with health and fertility in Norwegian dairy herds. Acta Vet Scand 46(4):229–240. https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-46-4-229
Kryukov GV, Castellano S, Novoselov SV et al (2003) Characterization of mammalian selenoproteomes. Science 300(5624):1439–1443. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1083516
Kucukbay FZ, Yazlak H, Karaca I et al (2010) The effects of dietary organic or inorganic selenium in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under crowding conditions. Aquac Nutr 15(6):569–576. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2008.00624.x
Lanfear J, Fleming J, Wu L et al (1994) The selenium metabolite selenodiglutathione induces p53 and apoptosis: relevance to the chemopreventive effects of selenium? Carcinogenesis 15(7):1387–1392. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/15.7.1387
Laure G, Rodolphe G, Olivier S et al (2007) Effect of selenate on growth and photosynthesis of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Aquat Toxicol 83(2):149–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.04.001
Lee J, Finley JW, Harnly JM (2015) Effect of selenium fertilizer on free amino acid composition of broccoli (Brassica oleracea Cv. Majestic) determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass selective detection. J Agric Food Chem 53(23):9105–9111. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf051221x
Lemly AD (1998) Pathology of selenium poisoning in fish. In: Frankenberger WT Jr, Engberg RA (eds) Environmental chemistry of selenium. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 281–296
Li DC, Zhu ZJ, Han QM et al (2003) Effect of selenium on growth and antioxidative system in spinach and pakchoi. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Agric Sci 21(1):5–8. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-9964.2003.01.002 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Li BC, Zhou JX, Chen HL et al (2011) Study on effect of nano-selenium on growth performance and peptic development of egg chickens. J Chin Cereals Oils Assoc 26(11):65–69 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Li YY, Wang L, Peng WX et al (2016) Study on the suitable application of selenium in tobacco-planting soils. Chin J Tob Sci 37(4):1–5. https://doi.org/10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2016.04.001 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Li MZ, Liao XW, Qu WH et al (2017) Rapid isolation and identification of Bacillus licheniformis with bacteriostatic ability and its antibacterial activity against four resistant pathogens. J Nan**g Agric Univ 40(2):325–331. https://doi.org/10.7685/jnau.201602005 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Li YH, Zhang FF, Huang LJ et al (2020) Influence of dietary nano-selenium on growth, muscle composition, serum biochemical and antioxidant indices of Schizothorax prenanti. J Fish Sci China 27(6):682–691. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1118.2020.19307 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Lin KF, Xu XQ, ** X et al (2005) Eco-toxicological effects of selenium and its critical value on Oryza sativa. Chin J Appl Ecol 16(4):678–682 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Lin SL, Wang CW, Tan SR et al (2014) Selenium deficiency inhibits the conversion of thyroidal thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) in chicken thyroids. Biol Trace Elem Res 161(3):263–271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0083-8
Liu HM, Li XM, Qin F et al (2014) Selenium suppresses oxidative-stress-enhanced vascular smooth muscle cell calcification by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling pathways and endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Biol Inorg Chem 19(3):375–388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-013-1078-1
Liu G, Yang G, Guan GP et al (2015) Effect of dietary selenium yeast supplementation on porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infections in mice. PLoS One 10(2):e0115833. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115833
Long ZD, **ang JQ, Song JP et al (2020) Soil selenium concentration and residents daily dietary intake in a selenosis area: a preliminary study in Yutangba Village, Enshi City, China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02983-x
Lubos E, Sinning CR, Schnabel RB et al (2010) Serum selenium andprognosis in cardiovascular disease: results from the AtheroGene study. Atherosclerosis 209(1):271–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.09.008
Lv QZ, Wang DB (2019) Study on the antiviral effect of selenium in animals. Northeast Normal University Press, Changchun (in Chinese)
Lv QZ, Yan Q, Chen Y et al (2018) Research progress of antiviral effects of microelement selenium in animal body. Soils 50(6):1113–1118. https://doi.org/10.13758/j.cnki.tr.2018.06.008 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Mahmoudvand H, Harandi MF, Shakibaie M et al (2014) Scolicidal effects of biogenic selenium nanoparticles against protoscolices of hydatid cysts. Int J Surg 12(5):399–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.03.017
Markus W, Markus L, Matthias K et al (2004) Toxicity of nutritionally available selenium compounds in primary and transformed hepatocytes. Toxicology 201(1):21–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.026
Marin-Guzman J, Mahan DC, Pate JL (2000) Effect of dietary selenium and vitamin E on spermatogenic development in boars. J Anim Sci 78(6):1537–1543. https://doi.org/10.2527/2000.7861537x
Mcadam PA, Orville AL (1987) Chronic toxicity and retention of dietary selenium fed to rats and D-or L-selenomethionine selenite or selenite. Nutr Res 7(6):601–610. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(87)80053-2
Mikkelsen RL, Page AL, Bingham FT (1989) Factors affecting selenium accumulation by agricultural crops. Selenium Agric Environ 23:65–94. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub23.c4
Mojtaba S, Naser SM, Amin AMS (2015) Antifungal activity of selenium nanoparticles synthesized by bacillus species msh-1 against Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. Jundishapur J Microbiol 8(9):e26381. https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.26381
Mu WP, Tian Y, Piao JH et al (2004) Studies on comparing the toxicity between sodium selenite and selenomethionine in rats. J Hyg Res 33(6):700–703. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-8020.2004.06.015 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Nakamuro K, Nakanishi K, Okuno T et al (1997) Comparison of methylated selenium metabolites in rats after oral administration of various selenium compounds. Jpn J Toxicol Environ Health 43(1):P13. https://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.43.P13
Nancharaiah YV, Lens PNL (2015) Ecology and biotechnology of selenium-respiring bacteria. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 79(1):61–80. https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00037-14
Navarro-Alarcón M, de la Serrana HLG, Pérez-Valero V et al (2002) Selenium concentrations in serum of individuals with liver diseases (cirrhosis or hepatitis): relationship with some nutritional and biochemical markers. Sci Total Environ 291:135–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(01)01088-9
Pacini N, Elia AC, Abete MC et al (2013) Antioxidant response versus selenium accumulation in the liver and kidney of the Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri). Chemosphere 93(10):2405–2412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.042
Peng A, Yang C (1991) Examination of the roles of selenium in the Kaschin-Beck disease. Biol Trace Elem Res 28(1):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02990457
Per G, Annika S, Margareta W et al (1988) Studies of the role of DNA fragmentation in selenium toxicity. Biochem Pharmacol 37(18):3401–3406. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(88)90688-0
Popham HJ, Shelby KS, Popham TW (2005) Effect of dietary selenium supplementation on resistance to baculovirus infection. Biol Control 32(3):419–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2004.12.011
Qiao J, Zhao LH (1997) Effects of free radical scavengers on pathologic process in infectious bursal disease. Chin J Anim Vet Sci 28(4):362–365 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Qing Y, Zhang LS (2012) Study advances on toxicity of selenium. J Prev Med Inform 28(3):216–218 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Rayman MP, Infante HG, Sargent M (2008) Food-chain selenium and human health: spotlight on speciation. Br J Nutr 100(2):254–268. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114508922522
Ren FL, Guo X (2004) Characteristics, toxicity and present situation of selenium in some countries. Foreign Med Sci Sect Medgeogr 25(3):117–119. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-8883.2004.03.007 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Rotruck JT, Pope AL, Ganther HE et al (1973) Selenium: biochemical role as a component of glutathione peroxidase. Science 179(4073):588–590. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.179.4073.588
Rowntree JE, Hill GM, Hawkins DR et al (2004) Effect of Se on selenoprotein activity and thyroid hormone metabolism in beef and dairy cows and calves. J Anim Sci 82:2995–3005. https://doi.org/10.2527/2004.82102995x
Roy S, Dontamalla SK, Mondru AK et al (2011) Downregulation of apoptosis and modulation of TGF-β1 by sodium selenate prevents streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat renal impairment. Biol Trace Elem Res 139(1):55–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-010-8635-z
Rusetskaya NY, Borodulin VB (2015) Biological activity of selenorganic compounds at heavy metal salts intoxication. Biomed Khim 61(4):449–461. https://doi.org/10.18097/PBMC20156104449
Schwarz K, Foltz CM (1957) Selenium as an integral part of factor 3 against dietary necrotic liver degeneration. J Am Chem Soc 79:3292–3293. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1978.tb03701.x
Schwarz K, Bieri JG, Briggs GM et al (1957) Prevention of exudative diathesis in chicks by factor 3 and selenium. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 95(4):621–625. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-95-23308
Scott ML (1973) The selenium dilemma. J Nutr 103(6):803–810. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/103.6.803
Seko Y, Imura N (1997) Active oxygen generation as a possible mechanism of selenium toxicity. Biomed Environ Sci 10(2–3):333–339
Seko Y, Saito Y, Kitahara J et al (1988) Active oxygen generation by the reaction of selenite with reduced glutathione in vitro. In: Wendel A (ed) Selenium in biology and medicine. Springer, New York, pp 70–73
Sharma S, Goyal R, Sadana US (2014) Selenium accumulation and antioxidant status of rice plants grown on seleniferous soil from northwestern India. Rice Sci 21(6):327–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-6308(14)60270-5
Shi J, Xu JX, Li XL (2003) Research progress on the physiological function of trace element selenium. Feed Rev 1:4–7 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Shi L, Yue WB, Zhang CX et al (2010) Effects of maternal and dietary selenium (Se-enriched yeast) on oxidative status in testis and apoptosis of germ cells during spermatogenesis of their offspring in goats. Anim Reprod Sci 119(3–4):212–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.02.012
Shisler JL, Senkevich TG, Berry MJ et al (1998) Ultraviolet-induced cell death blocked by a selenoprotein from a human dermatotropic poxvirus. Science 279(5347):102–105. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.279.5347.102
Shrift A, Ulrich JM (1969) Transport of selenate and selenite into astragalus roots. Plant Physiol 44(6):893–896. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.44.6.893
Sors TG, Ellis DR, Salt DE (2005) Selenium uptake, translocation, assimilation and metabolic fate in plant. Photosynth Res 86:373–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-005-5222-9
Spallholz JE, Martin JL, Gerlach ML et al (1973) Enhanced immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibody titers in mice fed selenium. Infect Immun 8(5):841–842
Spallholz JE, Palace VP, Reid TW (2004) Methioninase and selenomethionine but not Se-methylselenocysteine generate methylselenol and superoxide in an in vitro chemiluminescent assay: implications for the nutritional carcinostatic activity of selenoamino acids. Biochem Pharmacol 67(3):547–554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2003.09.004
Stone CA, Kawai K, Kupka R et al (2010) Role of selenium in HIV infection. Nutr Rev 68(11):671–681. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00337.x
Sun P, Wang J, Liu W et al (2017) Hydroxy -selenomethionine: a novel organic selenium source that improves antioxidant status and selenium concentrations in milk and plasma of mid-lactation dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 100(12):9602–9610. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-12610
Tai PD, Li PJ (2002) Phyto-toxicity of selenium on plant. J Agro Environ Sci 6:496–498. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1672-2043.2002.06.005 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Talukdar DJ, Talukdar P, Ahmed K (2016) Minerals and its impact on fertility of livestock: a review. Agric Rev 37(4):333–337. https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.v37i4.6464
Tatsuya T, Makoto M, Katsuhiko N et al (1996) Mechanisms of selenium methylation and toxicity in mice treated with selenocystine. Arch Toxicol 71(1–2):31–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002040050355
Taylor EW, Ruzicka JA, Premadasa L et al (2016) Cellular selenoprotein mRNA tethering via antisense interactions with Ebola and HIV-1 mRNAs may impact host selenium biochemistry. Curr Top Med Chem 16(13):1530–1535. https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150915121633
Terry N, de Souza MP, Tarun AS et al (2000) Selenium in higher plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Mol Biol 51:401–432. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.401
Tran PA, Webster TJ (2011) Selenium nanoparticles inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth. Int J Nanomed 6:1553–1558. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S21729
Ullah H, Liu G, Yousaf B et al (2018) Developmental selenium exposure and health risk in daily foodstuffs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 149:291–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.11.056
Vendeland SC, Deagen JT, Butler JA et al (1994) Uptake of selenite, selenomethionine and selenate by brush border membrane vesicles isolated from rat small intestine. Biochem Med 7(4):305–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00144126
Verma S, Molina Y, Lo YY et al (2008) In vitro effects of selenium deficiency on West Nile virus replication and cytopathogenicity. Virol J 5(1):66. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-5-66
Vickerman DB, Young JK, Trumble JT (2002) Effect of selenium-treated alfalfa on development, survival, feeding, and oviposition preferences of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environ Entomol 31(6):953–959. https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225X-31.6.953
Wang FD (2012) Trace element research in China: present and future. Chin Bull Life Sci 24(8):713–730. https://doi.org/10.13376/j.cbls/2012.08.020 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wang GZ, Niu ZX (2010) Research progress on the toxicity of trace element selenium. Northwest Pharm J 25(3):237–238. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-2407.2010.03.044in (Chinese with English Abstract)
Wang Z, Jiang C, Lv JX (2002) Induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis and cell-cycle G1 arrest by selenium metabolite methylselenol. Mol Carcinog 34(3):113–120. https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.10056
Wang HL, Zhang JS, Yu HQ (2007) Elemental selenium at nano size possesses lower toxicity without compromising the fundamental effect on selenoenzymes: comparison with selenomethionine in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 42(10):1524–1533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.02.013
Wang BT, **e LQ, Lin YK et al (2011) Determination of selenium species in food by high performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Chin J Chromatogr 29(3):223–227 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wang AP, Yu KH, Zou WW et al (2012) Anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 activity of trace element selenium in vitro. J Nanchang Univ Med Sci 52(9):1–4 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Wang Q, Larese-Casanova P, Webster TJ (2015) Inhibition of various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria growth on selenium nanoparticle coated paper towels. Int J Nanomed 10:2885–2894. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S78466
Wei ZY, Cui BA, Huang KH et al (2005) Inhibitory effects of different selenium sources on porcine parvovirus infection in vitro. Virol Sin 20(6):613–617
Wei JY, Wang J, Liu W et al (2019) Short communication: effects of different selenium supplements on rumen fermentation and apparent nutrient and selenium digestibility of mid-lactation dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 102(4):3131–3135. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-15455
White PJ, Bowen HC, Parmaguru P et al (2004) Interactions between selenium and sulphur nutrition in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Exp Bot 55:1927–1937. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erh192
Wilber CG (1980) Toxicology of selenium: a review. Clin Toxicol 17(2):171–230. https://doi.org/10.3109/15563658008985076
Wolonciej M, Milewska E, Roszkowska-Jakimiec W (2016) Trace elements as an activator of antioxidant enzymes. Postepy Hig Med Dosw 70:1483–1498. https://doi.org/10.5604/17322693.1229074
Wycherly BJ, Moak MA, Christensen MJ (2004) High dietary intake of sodium selenite induces oxidative DNA damage in rat liver. Nutr Cancer 48(1):78–83. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327914nc4801_11
**a YM, Hill KE, Byrne DW et al (2005) Effectiveness of selenium supplements in a low-selenium area of China. Am J Clin Nutr 81(4):829–834. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/81.4.829
Xu HB, Yang XL, Liu Q et al (2002) The signal transduction in ROS-mediated apoptosis induced by selenium compounds. Prog Chem 14(4):305–310 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xu ZC, Shao HF, Sun SG et al (2011) Effects of selenium added to soil on physiological indexes in flue-cured tobacco. Acta Ecol Sin 31(2):7179–7187 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Xu QL, Wu WL, Zhao GS et al (2017) Selenium metabolism in microorganisms. Microbiol China 44(1):207–216. https://doi.org/10.13344/j.microbiol.china.160380 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yan L, Spallholz JE (1993) Generation of reactive oxygen species from the reaction of selenium compounds with thiols and mammary tumor cells. Biochem Pharmacol 45(2):429–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(93)90080-G
Yang YX, Yang LF (2014) Research progress of effects of soil selenium on growth of plant. Tillage Cultiv 2:50–52. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1008-2239.2014.02.027 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yang QL, Qu XY, Chen JF et al (2016) Application of nano-selenium in livestock and poultry production. China Poultry 38(1):47–52. https://doi.org/10.16372/j.issn.1004-6364.2016.01.010 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yao LL, Du Q, Yao HD et al (2015) Roles of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in selenium deficiency-induced apoptosis in chicken liver. Biometals 28:255–265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-014-9819-3
Yao W, Zhao FH, Liu LN et al (2016) Study on the inhibition effect of different concentrations selenium content in selenium-rich lactobacillus on the growth and toxin-producing effect of Aspergillus. China Feed 12(19–21):26. https://doi.org/10.15906/j.cnki.cn11-2975/s.20161205 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yi HL, Si L (2007) Vicia root-mirconucleus and sister chromatid exchange assays on the genotoxicity of selenium compounds. Mutat Res 630(1–2):92–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.03.003
Yoon I, Werner TM, Butler JM (2007) Effect of source and concentration of selenium on growth performance and selenium retention in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 86(4):727–730. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/86.4.727
Yu SY, Zhu YJ, Li WG (1997) Protective role of selenium against hepatitis B virus and primary liver cancer in Qidong. Biol Trace Elem Res 56(1):117–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02778987
Yu HW, Chen CY, Gao YX et al (2006) Chemical speciation analysis of selenium in biological samples by a hyphenated technique of high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Chin J Anal Chem 34(6):749–753 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Yu L, Sun L, Nan Y et al (2011) Protection from H1N1 influenza virus infections in mice by supplementation with selenium: a comparison with selenium-deficient mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 141(1–3):254–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-010-8726-x
Zachariah M, Maamoun H, Rayman MP et al (2015) High selenium intake is associated with endothelial dysfunction: critical role for endoplasmic reticulum stress. Heart 100(4):A5. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306916.13
Zachariah M, Maamoun H, Milano L et al (2016) P31 endoplasmic reticulum stress drives high selenium induced endothelial dysfunction. Heart 102(8):A11–A12. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310696.35
Zhang YL, Pan GX, Chen J et al (2003) Uptake and transport of selenite and selenate by soybean seeding of two genotypes. Plant Soil 253(2):437–443. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024874529957
Zhang YS, Bian LQ, You SQ (2008a) Effects of three selenium sources on tissue selenium deposition and antioxidant capacity of growing-finishing pigs. Feed Ind 29(1):18–20 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhang JS, Wang XF, Xu TW (2008b) Elemental selenium at nano size (Nano-Se) as a potential chemopreventive agent with reduced risk of selenium toxicity: comparison with se-methylselenocysteine in mice. Toxicol Sci 101(1):22–31. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfm221
Zhang P, Wan YX, Du XF et al (2016a) Research progress of the resistance of selenium in animals and plants. Appl Chem Ind 45(8):1579–1582. https://doi.org/10.16581/j.cnki.issn1671-3206.20160527.015 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhang X, Liu C, Guo J et al (2016b) Selenium status and cardiovascular diseases: meta-analysis of prospective observational studies and randomized controlled trials. Eur J Clin Nutr 70(2):162–169. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2015.78
Zhivotovsky B, Orrenius S (2011) Calcium and cell death mechanisms: a perspective from the cell death community. Cell Calcium 50(3):211–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceca.2011.03.003
Zhou C (2018) Study on biosynthesis and antifungal activity of Nano-selenium. Dissertation, Anhui Agricultural University (in Chinese with English Abstract)
Zhou XX, Wang YB, Gu Q et al (2009) Effects of different dietary selenium sources (selenium nanoparticle and selenomethionine) on growth performance, muscle composition and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity of crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Aquaculture 291(1):78–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.03.007
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31860708), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (No. 2017GXNSFBA198025) and the Guangxi driving innovation major project (No. GK-AA17202037 and No. GK-AB16380164)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
QL had the idea for the article, XL, KN, ZG, TQ and XQ performed the literature search and data analysis, QL drafted the work, DW and YZ critically revised the work. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Research Involving Human Participants and/or Animals
Not applicable.
Informed Consent
Not applicable.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lv, Q., Liang, X., Nong, K. et al. Advances in Research on the Toxicological Effects of Selenium. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 106, 715–726 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-03094-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-03094-3