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Therapeutic Approaches to Histone Reprogramming in Retinal Degeneration

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Retinal Degenerative Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 854))

Abstract

Recent data have revealed epigenetic derangements and subsequent chromatin remodeling as a potent biologic switch for chronic inflammation and cell survival which are important therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of several retinal degenerations. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a major component of this system and serve as a unique control of the chromatin remodeling process. With a multitude of targeted HDAC inhibitors now available, their use in both basic science and clinical studies has widened substantially. In the field of ocular biology, there are data to suggest that HDAC inhibition may suppress neovascularization and may be a possible treatment for retinitis pigmentosa and dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the effects of these inhibitors on cell survival and chemokine expression in the chorioretinal tissues remain very unclear. Here, we review the multifaceted biology of HDAC activity and pharmacologic inhibition while offering further insight into the importance of this epigenetic pathway in retinal degenerations. Our laboratory investigations aim to open translational avenues to advance dry AMD therapeutics while exploring the role of acetylation on inflammatory gene expression in the aging and degenerating retina.

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Acknowledgments

M.E.K. was supported by NEI/NIH, Career Development Awards from the Foundation Fighting Blindness and Research to Prevent Blindness, and the American Federation for Aging Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 740 S. Limestone St., Suite E-300, 40536, Lexington, KY, USA

    Andre K. Berner

  2. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Kentucky, 40536, Lexington, KY, USA

    Mark E. Kleinman

Authors
  1. Andre K. Berner
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  2. Mark E. Kleinman
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andre K. Berner .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA

    Catherine Bowes Rickman

  2. Beckman Vision Center, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA

    Matthew M. LaVail

  3. Dean A. McGee Eye Inst., University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA

    Robert E. Anderson

  4. University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Christian Grimm

  5. Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Med, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Joe Hollyfield

  6. Univ of Florida Dept of Ophthalmology/Arb R112, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    John Ash

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Berner, A., Kleinman, M. (2016). Therapeutic Approaches to Histone Reprogramming in Retinal Degeneration. In: Bowes Rickman, C., LaVail, M., Anderson, R., Grimm, C., Hollyfield, J., Ash, J. (eds) Retinal Degenerative Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 854. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_6

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