Abstract
Plants in their lifetime interact with a wide variety of microbes that can be pathogenic or beneficial. While beneficial microbes can be either endophytes or rhizospheric, pathogenic microbes are mostly free-living and colonize either the phyllosphere or the rhizosphere. These microbes can be either fungi or bacteria and have co-evolved to interact with their host plants using specific mechanisms. Plant-associated microbes release several chemicals onto the surfaces that they colonize, which are known to modulate the biology of the colonized plants directly or indirectly. Plants have evolved to specifically respond to the presence of such microbes, either by gearing up their defence responses (in case of pathogenic microbes) or in a mutually beneficial manner (in case of beneficial microbes). It is but obvious that this relationship between plants and their interacting microbes involves a variety of signalling and metabolic networks, both, from the microbe, as well as the plant side. In this cross-talk between microbes and plants, a very important role is played by phytohormones such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, brassinosteroids etc. Some of these phytohormones are commonly synthesized in the plants and also the plant-associated microbes are known to release some of these phytohormones into their habitat, consequently influencing plant responses. These microbes are also known to impact signalling mechanisms in their host plants by modulating the metabolism of important phytohormones in them. Such modulations in plant phytohormone metabolism have a pleotropic impact on a wide array of metabolic and signalling networks in them, thus affecting, not only their specific responses to the microbes, but also their growth, development and general stress response mechanisms. This chapter highlights the importance of phytohormones in plant–microbe interaction, both in case of pathogenic as well as beneficial microbes.
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Dhar, N., Gopalan, N.S.R., Nikhil, P.T., Mohapatra, S. (2022). Role of Phytohormones in Plant-Microbial Interaction. In: Aftab, T. (eds) Auxins, Cytokinins and Gibberellins Signaling in Plants. Signaling and Communication in Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05427-3_14
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