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Hydrocarbons

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Detection and Identification of Organic Compounds

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Abstract

Paraffins can be separated from mixtures with other solvents almost quantitatively by using a mixture of 170 parts of 85% phosphoric acid (ϱ = 1.7) and 100 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid (ϱ = 1.84). Oxygen-containing compounds dissolve, and hydrocarbons remain undissolved in this mixture. Only some reactive olefins can partly form monoesters of sulfuric acid. The process is carried out with cooling, and the reduction in the volume of the upper layer, as well as the change of its refractive index, are followed. The procedure can be considered as completed when both the volume and the refractive index become constant. If a mixture of sulfuric acid and phosphorus pentoxide is used, olefins and aromatic eompounds also react, so that enly paraffins remain undissolved (1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemical Technology, Pardubice, Czech Republic

    Miroslav Večeřa (Professor of Organic Chemistry) & Jiří Gasparič (Associate Professor of Analytical Chemistry, Senior Research Fellow)

  2. Institute of Organic Syntheses, Pardubice-Rybitví, Czech Republic

    Jiří Gasparič (Associate Professor of Analytical Chemistry, Senior Research Fellow)

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  1. Miroslav Večeřa
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  2. Jiří Gasparič
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© 1971 Miroslav Večeřa and Jiří Gasparič

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Večeřa, M., Gasparič, J. (1971). Hydrocarbons. In: Detection and Identification of Organic Compounds. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1833-0_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1833-0_7

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-1835-4

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